ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﻓﻘﻪ اﻣﺎﻣﯿﻪ و ﺣﻘﻮق ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﮥ اﯾﺮان

The Position of social capital in stable security based on emamiyeh fiqh and Iran’s rights arguments

اﺻﻄﻼح ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ)Social capital( ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻧﻮﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺮح اﺳﺖ، اﻣّﺎ در ﻋﻠﻮم دﯾﮕﺮ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد، ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ، ﻋﻠﻮم ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و ﻋﻠﻮم اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد وﺳﯿﻌﯽ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪي اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ ﮐـﻪ اﺷـﺎره اي، ﺑـﻪ ﻧﻘـﺶ و ﺗـﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺮدم ﻧﻬﺎد و ﺣﻀﻮر ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﻣﺮدﻣﯽ در ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﺖ، در ﺣﻮزهي ﺣﻔﻆ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗـﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪود زﯾﺎدي اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻣﺘﺄﺛﺮ از ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺰاري و ﻧﻘﺶ آن اﺳﺖ؛ ﮔﺮﭼﻪ اﯾﻦ اﺻﻄﻼح ﻣﻌﻠﻮل ﻓﮑﺮ ﻧﻈﺮﯾـﻪ ﭘـﺮدازان دﻫـﻪ ﻫـﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ اﺳﺖ وﻟﯽ واﻗﻌﯿﺖ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻓﻘﻪ اﺳـﻼﻣﯽ و ﺷـﯿﻌﯽ در ﺣـﻮزه ﮐـﺎرﺑﺮ دي و ﺑـﺎ ﻋﻨـﺎوﯾﻦ و اﺻـﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﻣﺸـﺎﺑﻪ دﯾﮕـﺮي ﺟﺎﯾﮕـﺎه ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ را ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار داده اﺳﺖ. و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ دﯾﻨﯽ در آﯾﺎت، رواﯾـﺎت و ﻓﻘـﻪ ﭘﻮﯾـﺎي اﺳـﻼﻣﯽ در ﺗﻘﻮﯾـﺖ و اﯾﺠـﺎد اﯾـﻦ ﻣﯿﺮاث ﻣﻬﻢ ﻫﻤّﺖ ﮔﻤﺎﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ درﺻﺪد اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم و اﺑﻌﺎد ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪي اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ در اﯾﺠـ ﺎد اﻣﻨﯿـﺖ ﭘﺎﯾـﺪار و ﻣﺒـﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ آن را در آﯾﺎت و رواﯾﺎت و ﻓﻘﻪ ﺷﯿﻌﯽ و ﺣﻘﻮق ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ.

Social capital term is a concept in modern sociology, but in other sciences like economy, management, political and social sciences also gained large usage as well. Social capital which points to the role and effect of public networks and presence of NGOs in various subjects, also in the field of producing and protecting security is involved and in a large margin stable security is under its effect. Even though this term caused by minds of scientist of recent decades but in fact status of social capital with other titles and terms in emphasized in Islamic-Shia fiqh. Religious sources in verses, narrations and Islamic dynamic fiqh tried to strengthen and create this important heir. This article is going to study the concept and dimension of application of social capital in creation of stable security and spreading it based on verses and narrations and fiqh of Shia and rights arguments.