واكاوي عوامل محيطي مؤثر بر كاهش امنيت اجتماعي شهر اهواز (با تأكيد بر منطقه يك)

Analysis of effective factors on social security reduction in Ahvaz city)emphasis district 1(

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﺮاي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ روش اﺳﻨﺎدي ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪاي و ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﯿﺮوي اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از GISو ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ،Spss ،Excelاﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﻣﺪل ﺑﯿﻀﯽ اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺟﺮاﺋﻢ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 1 ﺑﻪ وﻗﻮع ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﺟﺮم از اﻟﮕﻮي ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﯽ در ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ ﭘﯿﺮوي ﻧﻤﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺶ دوم ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﭼﺮاﯾﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 1 اﺳﺖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ، ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ درﺻﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در اﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﺪوده داراي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎي ﺑﯽدوام ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و اﯾﻦ ﺧﻮد ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎي اﺳﮑﻠﺖ ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 1 ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮارﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎي ﻏﺮﺑﯽ در دﺳﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻓﺎﻗﺪ اﺳﮑﻠﺖ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري در ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺶ ﺟﺮم و ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺑﻮدن اﻣﻨﯿﺖ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ و ﻧﺴﺒﺖ آن ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎ دﯾﺪه ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ- ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎ از ﻫﻢ ﺣﻮزه ﻧﻔﻮذ آنﻫﺎ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ آﻣﺪه و در اﯾﻦ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺟﺮم اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و در اﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﺪودهﻫﺎ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ آﻣﺪه و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺣﺴﺎس اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

This research is a descriptive-analytical research also the required information gathered by using documentary-library method and recourse to Naja. In order to analyze data we used GIS and other soft wares like Excel and Spss. According to result from model, ellipse of standard deviation of most crimes happened in district 1. With this results we can say that crime doesn’t follow same pattern in city. Results of second part of research which is looking for the reason of reduction security in district 1 shows that most of building in this area are brittle and this is one of the effective factors on security reduction of this area. Also according to structures’ building maps of district 1 that shows western side building are frameless we can see a meaningful difference in crime variance and being low security in this area with the building structures. In the end with surveying of cultural-religious occupancy maps, distance between these occupancies, weakened their influence area which leads to reduction of security feeling.