تاثير آموزش ذهن‌آگاهي نوجوان‌محور بر افسردگي و اضطراب دختران داراي شكست عاطفي

The Effect of Adolescent-Based Mindfulness Training on the Depression and Anxiety of the Girls with Affective Failure

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ، آﺳﯿﺐﻫﺎي روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﺑﺮاي دﺧﺘﺮان اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮي درﻣﺎنﻫﺎي روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﯾﻦ آﺳﯿﺐﻫﺎ اﻗﺪام ﺷﻮد. اﻣﺎ آﯾﺎ آﻣﻮزش ذﻫﻦآﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻧﻮﺟﻮانﻣﺤﻮر ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ و اﺿﻄﺮاب دﺧﺘﺮان داراي ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ؟ ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ اﺳﺎس ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ آﻣﻮزش ذﻫﻦآﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻧﻮﺟﻮانﻣﺤﻮر ﺑﺮ اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ و اﺿﻄﺮاب دﺧﺘﺮان داراي ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. روش ﮐﺎر: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﯿﻤﻪآزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن- ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه و دوره ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي دوﻣﺎﻫﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺎﻣل ﮐﻠﯾﮫ دﺧﺗران ﻧوﺟوان دوره دوم ﻣﺗوﺳطﮫ داراي ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ازﻧﺎ )اﺳﺘﺎن ﻟﺮﺳﺘﺎن( ﺑﻮد. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻌﺪاد 30 دﺧﺗر ﻧوﺟوان داراي ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﺎ ﮔﻤﺎرش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮔﻮاه ﮔﻤﺎرده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ )15 دﺧﺘﺮ در ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و 15 دﺧﺘﺮ در ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه(. ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ آﻣﻮزش ذﻫﻦآﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻧﻮﺟﻮانﻣﺤﻮر )ﺑﻮردﯾﮏ، 2014( را ﻃﯽ دو و ﻧﯿﻢ ﻣﺎه در 10 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ 90 دﻗﯿﻘﻪاي درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻤﻮدﻧﺪ. ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﻋﺸﻖ راس، 1999(، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ )ﺑﮏ و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران، 1996( و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺿﻄﺮاب)ﺑﮏ و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران، 1988( ﺑﻮد. دادهﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﮑﺮر ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ آﻣﻮزش ذﻫﻦآﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻧﻮﺟﻮانﻣﺤﻮر ﺑﺮ اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ و اﺿﻄﺮاب دﺧﺘﺮان داراي ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار دارد )0/001

Background: affective failure brings about many psychological and emotional damages for the girls that applying appropriate psychological therapies to decrease these damages is necessity. But does the adolescent-based mindfulness training help decreasing the depression and anxiety of the girls with affective failure? Purpose: therefore the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of adolescent-based mindfulness training on the depression and anxiety of the girls with affective failure. Method: the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, and control group and a two-month follow-up design. The statistical population included all secondary high school female adolescents with affective failure in the town of Azna (province of Lorestan). 30 female adolescents experiencing affective failure were selected through purposive sampling method and randomly replaced into experimental and control groups (15 girls in the experimental and 15 girls in the control group). The experimental group received adolescent-based mindfulness training (Bordik, 2014) in ten ninety-minute sessions during two-and-a-half-months. The applied questionnaires were Love Trauma Inventory (Ross, 1999), depression questionnaire (Beck et.al, 1996) and anxiety questionnaire (Beck et.al. 1988). The data taken from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA. Findings: the results showed that the adolescent-based mindfulness training has significant effect on the depression and anxiety of the girls with affective failure (p<0.001). Conclusion: the findings of the present study showed that the adolescent-based mindfulness training can be used as an efficient method to decrease depression and anxiety of the girls with affective failure through the application of techniques such as thoughts, emotions and mindful behavior.