بررسي مقايسه‌اي هوش هيجاني، سبك‌هاي دلبستگي و تاب‌آوري در بين نوجوانان متولدشده با دو روش زايمان طبيعي و سزارين

COMPARISON OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, ATTACHMENT STYLES, an‎d RESILIENCE AMONG TEENAGERS BORN WITH TWO METHODS OF CESAREAN SECTION an‎d VAGINAL DELIVERY

پيش زمينه و هدف يكي از مهم ترين هدف هاي روان شناسي مثبت، شناسايي متغيرها و روش هايي است كه بر بهزيستي و سلامت رواني تاثير دارد و موجب زندگي بهتر و سازگاري انسان با زندگي و تهديدات زندگي مي شود. ازجمله ويژگي ها و توانمندي هايي كه در روان شناسي مثبت گرا اهميت بسزايي دارد، مي توان به هوش هيجاني، سبك هاي دلبستگي و تاب آوري اشاره كرد و نوع زايمان (طبيعي و سزارين.) مي تواند بر اين متغيرها تاثيرگذار باشد. لذا پژوهش حاضر باهدف مقايسه هوش هيجاني، سبك هاي دلبستگي و تاب آوري در بين نوجوانان متولدشده با دو روش زايمان طبيعي و سزارين صورت پذيرفت. روش كار روش پژوهش تحليلي و از نوع مقايسهاي است. جامعه آماري كليهي دانشآموزان دختر مقطع متوسطه شهرستان ممسني مشغول به تحصيل در سال 98-1397 بود كه با روش نمونهگيري خوشهاي تعداد 60 نفر به عنوان حجم نمونه (30 نفر با زايمان طبيعي و 30 نفر سزارين) تعيين شدند. گردآوري اطلاعات از طريق پرسشنامههاي تابآوري كانرو ديويدسون (2003)، هوش هيجاني بار آن (1997) و سبك هاي دلبستگي كولينزوريد (1990) انجام شد. دادههاي جمع آوري شده با استفاده از روش تحليل واريانس يكراهه (آنوا) و با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS-22 تجزيه وتحليل شدند. يافتهها يافتههاي پژوهش نشان داد بين هوش هيجاني دو گروه زايمان طبيعي و سزارين تفاوت معناداري وجود دارد . به طوري كه ميانگين (و انحراف معيار) هوش هيجاني در گروه زايمان طبيعي 321 (21) و سزارين 307/89 (21/69) نشان داد هوش هيجاني گروه زايمان طبيعي بيشتر از سزارين است. همچنين نتايج نشان داد بين سبكهاي دلبستگي ايمن در بين گروه زايمان طبيعي 13/43 (4/27) و سزارين 12/64 (2/3)، اجتنابي در بين گروه زايمان طبيعي 12/2 (3/12) و سزارين 13/24 (2/83)، اضطرابي در بين گروه زايمان طبيعي 15/79 (4/02) و سزارين 17/14 (5/07) و تابآوري در بين گروه زايمان طبيعي 75/03 (14/66) و سزارين 69/71 (20/39) در بين دو گروه تفاوت معنادار آماري وجود نداشت (25/0=P). نتيجه گيري با توجه به نتايج پژوهش حاضر مي تواند گفت كه تجربه فيزيولوژيكي نوع زايمان مي تواند بر ويژگي هاي روان شناختي مانند هوش هيجاني تاثير داشته باشد.

Introduction:Childbirth is one of the most influential changes in womenchr('39')s lives. This change is not only forgotten for women, but because of its importance, the type of delivery is effective in the psychoBackground & Aims: One of the most important goals of psychology is to identify the variables and methods that affect well-being and mental health and lead to a better life and human adaptation to life and life threats. Emotional intelligence, attachment styles, and resilience are some of the characteristics and abilities that are important in positive psychology and the type of delivery (cesarean section and vaginal delivery) can affect these variables. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare emotional intelligence, attachment styles, and resilience among adolescents born with two methods of cesarean section and vaginal delivery. Materials & Methods: The research is a descriptive-analytical research and scientifically- comparative. The statistical population consisted of all girls’ high school students in Mamasani city in 2017-2018. 60 students were selected by cluster sampling (30 students for vaginal delivery and 30 students for cesarean section). Data were collected by Resilience Questionnaire of Conner and Davidson (2003), Emotional Intelligence of Bar Ann (1997), and Attachment Style of Collins and Rid (1990). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21 software, and descriptive statistics and one way variance analysis (ANOVA) were utilized. Results: The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the emotional intelligence in the two groups of vaginal delivery and cesarean section (p <0.02). The mean (standard deviation) of emotional intelligence in vaginal delivery was 321 (21) and it was 307/89(21.69) in cesarean section group. Findings showed that emotional intelligence in vaginal delivery group is more than cesarean section group. Also there is no difference between the safety in vaginal delivery (13.43 (4.27)) and cesarean section (12.46 (3.2)), avoidance attachment in vaginal delivery (12.2 (3.12)) and cesarean section (13.24 (2.83)), anxiety attachment in vaginal delivery (15.79 (4.02)) and cesarean section (14.17(5.07)), and resilience in vaginal delivery (75.03 (14.66)) and cesarean section (69.71 (20.39)). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that the physiological experience of the methods of delivery can affect psychological characteristics such as emotional intelligence. Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Attachment Styles, Resilience, Undergone Cesarean, Vaginal Deliverylogical and physical development of mothers and children. Therefore, the present study aims to Comparison of emotional intelligence, attachment styles and resilience in teenagers undergone cesarean and vaginal delivery. Materials and Methods: The research is a descriptive-analytical research and scientifically- comparative. The statistical population consisted of all girls’ high school students in Mamasani city in 2017-2018. 60 people as sample were selected by cluster sampling (30 people of vaginal delivery and 30 people cesarean section). Data were collected by Resilience Questionnaire of Conner and Davidson (2003), Emotional Intelligence of Bar Ann (1980) and Attachment Style of Collins and Rid (1990). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21 software, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and one way variance analysis (ANOVA). Findings: The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the emotional intelligence between the two groups of vaginal delivery and cesarean section (p <0.05). that mean of emotional intelligence in vaginal delivery (321)and cesarean section (307/89)showed emotional intelligencein vaginal delivery is more than cesarean section. Also there is no difference between the safety, avoidance and anxietyattachment stylesand Resilience. Conclusion:The physiological experience of the type of delivery and the stress caused by it, causes changes in the psychological processes of mothers and children. an‎d it is difficult adapting mothers with their parenting roles. Therefore, by adopting precise guidelines on management and delivery of childbirth, it is possible to expand decision making for the selection of vaginal deliveryand thereby improve the outcomes of childbirth. Introduction:Childbirth is one of the most influential changes in womenchr('39')s lives. This change is not only forgotten for women, but because of its importance, the type of delivery is effective in the psychological and physical development of mothers and children. Therefore, the present study aims to Comparison of emotional intelligence, attachment styles and resilience in teenagers undergone cesarean and vaginal delivery. Materials and Methods: The research is a descriptive-analytical research and scientifically- comparative. The statistical population consisted of all girls’ high school students in Mamasani city in 2017-2018. 60 people as sample were selected by cluster sampling (30 people of vaginal delivery and 30 people cesarean section). Data were collected by Resilience Questionnaire of Conner and Davidson (2003), Emotional Intelligence of Bar Ann (1980) and Attachment Style of Collins and Rid (1990). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21 software, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and one way variance analysis (ANOVA). Findings: The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the emotional intelligence between the two groups of vaginal delivery and cesarean section (p <0.05). that mean of emotional intelligence in vaginal delivery (321)and cesarean section (307/89)showed emotional intelligencein vaginal delivery is more than cesarean section. Also there is no difference between the safety, avoidance and anxietyattachment stylesand Resilience. Conclusion:The physiological experience of the type of delivery and the stress caused by it, causes changes in the psychological processes of mothers and children. an‎d it is difficult adapting mothers with their parenting roles. Therefore, by adopting precise guidelines on management and delivery of childbirth, it is possible to expand decision making for the selection of vaginal deliveryand thereby improve the outcomes of childbirth.