نقش ايلات در عدم شكل گيري جامعه مدني در عهد قاجار

The Role of Tribes in not Shaping the Civil Society in Qajar Era

مقاله حاضر كه در صدد نقش ايلات در عدم شكل گيري جامعه مدني در عهد قاجار است پس از بسط فضاي مفهومي موضوع تحقيق، به بررسي دو موضوع ايلات و عشاير و نقش آنها در حوزه جامعه مدني خواهد پرداخت. مطابق با مستندات موضوعي ارائه شده در اين پژوهش، روش تحقيق، توصيفي-تحليلي و روش گردآوري اطلاعات در اين پژوهش، كتابخانه اي مي باشد. يافته هاي اين مطالعه، حاكي از آن است كه اولا؛ تغييرات در جامعه ايراني و حركت آن به سوي يك جامعه مدني، شبيه آنچه در غرب اتفاق افتاده بود نياز به زير ساخت هايي داشت. سنت گرايي افراطي در جامعه ايراني سرعت اين تغييرات را كند كرده بود. انقلاب مشروطيت اين تغييرات را سرعتي بخشيد كه با تكامل جامعه ايراني همخواني نداشت. براي همين در پايان نيز به شكست انجاميد و ازآنچه مدنظر بود فقط ساختار شكلي را دارا شد و ثانيا؛ قاجاريه حكومت قبيله اي بوده و هر ايالت توسط شاهزاده اي اداره مي شد و يكپارچگي در اين حكومت ديده نمي شود كه حكومت قبيله اي يكي از دلايل عدم شكل گيري نهادهاي مدني گرديد.

The tribes and nomads have always composed major part of the population in Iran and directly or indirectly have had roles in politics and government as the Iran society was a traditional, tribal one and this became more remarkable and important as the Qajars stepped onto the power and one of these fields is the issue of civil society, Therefore the current article which is to study the role of the tribes in not shaping the civil society in Qajar era will study the two issue of tribes and nomads and their roles in the field of civil society after developing the conceptual atmosphere of the subject of the research. According to the topical documents presented in this research, the research method is descriptional - analytical and the the data gathering method was a library one. The findings of the research indicates that first, the changes in Iranian society and the movement to a civil society like what happened in West needed the frame-works. The radical traditionalism has decreased the speed of these changes. The constitutionalism revolution speeded these changes which was not compatible with Iranian Society, for this reason was ended in failour and only a formal structure was resulted out of what was expected. Second. Qajarid was a tribal ruling and each state was governed by a prince and and there was no solidarity in the state and the tribal ruling was one of the reason for not shaping the civil society in Iran.