مرکز منطقه ای اطلاع رساني علوم و فناوري - برآورد تابع تقاضاي آب شهر تهران

چكيده لاتين :

Sustained development in water sector is possible if a comprehensive view in water management is undertaken. Comprehensive management. in turn, has the responsibility of regulating relations of water sector with social and economic development. Demand management along with managing the provision and development of water resources can be regarded as the major concerns of comprehensive water mangement Today purposes and missions for management of water resources and missions relating to the provision and development of water resources are, to a large extent, known. Nonetheless. little is known about demand management of water. Demand and provision management both enjoy equal importance and must be considered together in planning schemes. Demand management is a complementary link to the mangement of provision and development of water resources. As such, it mainly sets forth and discusses consumption methods, equipments necessary for better utilisation, and patterns of water consumption. Water demand management has several tools at its disposal for implementing its policies and for achieving its aims. This paper points to the one of the most effective aspects of demand management, that is the economic one. It suggests pricing and tariff as tools for demand management. In the present study, which was performed for five water regions in Tehran city. water demand function derived from Stone-Geary utility function has been estimated using collected data during the years 1375 to 1379 (Iranian calendar) from 400 random samples taken from all subscribers at these five regions. Water demand function has been estimated for the whole Tchran city : inside usages. non-inside usages in five regions, for four seasons and five consumption blocks. Maximum water required. and extra usages in each of the afore-mentioned cases have been calculated. Based upon the research findings. although price elasticity for demand of water in Tchran is low, yet by logical increment of prices it is possible to decrease some of the extra usage. To use the incomes resulting from these increments in prices toward new investments, to restore transfer lines and, to apply cultural tools. are all other methods for decreasing water loss and improving consumption pattern.