كليدواژه :
هنرهاي سنتي , هنر معاصر , نگارگري , اصالت هنري , نونگارگري
چكيده فارسي :
نگارگري به عنوان بخشي از سنت تصويرگري ايران، همواره بيانگر ويژگي هاي فرهنگي، ارزش هاي اجتماعي و دغدغه هاي دوران خود بوده است. به همين منظور در اين پژوهش محقق بر آن است تا با واكاوي مولفه هاي نگارگري در دوران حاضر از نظر ساختاري به تحليل ويژگي بيانگري اين هنر توسط نگارگران فعال و استادان صاحبنام بپردازد. شيوه ي گردآوري داده ها در اين پژوهش بنيادي(تجربي و نظري)، براساس مطالعه اسنادي، مرور منابع معتبر تاريخي و متكي بريافته هاي ميداني به روش مصاحبه ي عميق با تعدادي از سرآمدان اين هنر طي د هه هاي1380و1390 هجري شمسي بوده است. ماهيت توصيفي- تحليلي اين پژوهش، پاسخگويي به اين پرسش اساسي را در پي داشت كه؛ مهم ترين وجه تمايز نگاره هاي معاصر(دهه هاي80 و90) نسبت به نمونه هاي مكاتب قديم به لحاظ ساختار اجرايي چيست؟ و همچنين، رسالت نگارگران معاصر، در بيان دغدغه و ويژگي هاي فرهنگي- اجتماعي زمانه ي خود، چگونه در آثار آنان نمود يافته است؟ درنهايت، مهم ترين نتايج اين پژوهش نشان داد كه تفاوت چشمگيري در شخصيت پردازي، ساخت وساز بيشتر و رنگ آميزي متنوع تر نسبت به گذشته را بيان داشته و تنوع در مضمون آثار نگارگران دوره ي معاصر، نشان از نوعي تلفيق ميان نگاه فرا واقع گرايانه با شيوه ي طبيعت گرايانه دارد. اين در حالي است كه برخي از نگارگران جوان و مستعد در دوران معاصر، موفقيت چشمگيري به لحاظ انعكاس رويدادها و اتفاقات روز اجتماعي در اين قاب تصويري از خود نشان داده و به نظر مي رسد نگارگري معاصر ارتباط بيشتري را با مخاطب عام ايجاد كرده است.
چكيده لاتين :
Contemporary Iranian painting, in terms of historical background and rich cultural background, has had significant influences from previous schools and works, and the continuation of this structural link is very important in preserving and surviving this cultural-artistic tradition. Valuable examples that have survived from different historical periods as a heritage of this art show the cultural and social characteristics of their time. So, in this research, efforts were made to find components of present miniature, in order to analyze structurally the expressing characteristic of this art and discovering social and cultural effects in outstanding works of active miniaturists and well-known masters. The method of data collection and analysis in this study is a combination of documentary study method with in-depth interview, with well-known masters of this art during 1990 and 2000 decades. Since the field findings are obtained in a way other than quantitative, so what the present study is in terms of what can be considered a qualitative research. For this purpose, the Delphi method will be used to organize and collect interviews and to obtain the views of contemporary artists and painters in order to be aware of the up-to-date components in their works and the importance and understanding of the social concerns of the time.. Many of the paintings created and depicted in this period, although they show the growth and excellence of Iranian painting, have changed in terms of historical criteria and adaptation to their predecessors and offer a different structure. Give. Nevertheless, preserving the identity and artistic originality of these works has proved their compliance with the formal criteria and technical frameworks of painting, showing the commitment and stability of contemporary artists in this field to the high status and spiritual value of this art. Many examples can be given as examples of this claim from the works of modern painters, veterans and professors. However, a point to consider is the multiplicity of content and themes that have influenced contemporary painters and their thought and vision to create works much different than in the centuries-old history of this art. I have witnessed it. Thus, it can be concluded that despite the valuable experiences and examples and success of contemporary painters in creating unique works throughout the history of Iranian painting, we may not easily and accurately be able to determine a specific pattern and structure such as components. Which we know in the old schools of painting, to introduce in the evaluation of painting today. The most important results will be impressive difference in face making, stippling and hatching, tools utilization and different coloring than past, also the variety of theme and subject in contemporary works shows a kind of integration between abstract and naturalistic point of view. However, some present miniaturists have outstanding success for reflection of daily social events in their works, so it seems that the contemporary miniature has more communication with general audience and is not limited to special social class.
