نقد و بررسي تصحيح حديقةالحقيقه به‌اهتمام محمدجعفر ياحقي و سيّد مهدي زرقاني

Sana'i Ghaznavi, Correction of Hadiqat al-Haqiqa, Critique of Hadiqat al-Haqiqa, Mohammad Jafar Yahaghi, Sayyed Mehdi Zarqhani.

جايگاه والاي حديقةالحقيقه در ادب فارسي موجب شده‌ است تا پژوهش‌هاي فراواني دربارة آن انجام گيرد؛ با وجودِ اين، مسائلي مانندِ پيچيدگي‌هاي زباني، كاربرد اصطلاحات سايرِ دانش‌ها، كهنگي زبان، اشارات تاريخي و مذهبي و ساختار نامنظمِ منظومه موجب شده‌ است گرهِ پاره‌اي از ابهاماتِ اين اثر ناگشوده باقي بماند. در اين ميان نبايد از نبودِ يك تصحيحِ مطلوب از حديقه غافل بود؛ تصحيحي كه مي‌تواند با در نظر گرفتنِ تمام ساحت‌هاي اين كتاب و هندسة ذهني سنايي، نزديك‌ترين متن به متنِ زمان او را در اختيارِ جامعة ادبي قرار دهد. اين مسئله‌اي ‌است كه توجه پژوهشگران معاصر زبان فارسي را به خود جلب كرده‌ است و از همين روست كه در سدة اخير، پژوهش‌هاي چشمگيري در حوزة تصحيح يا شرح مشكلاتِ اين منظومه انجام گرفته ‌است. در اين پژوهش كه به شيوة توصيفي‌تحليلي و با استفاده از منابع كتابخانه‌اي انجام مي‌گيرد، جديدترين تصحيحِ حديقه بررسي و كاستي‌هاي آن برجسته خواهد شد. بايستگيِ پرداختن به سنايي و آثار او در ادب فارسي و همچنين اهميت نقد و بررسيِ تصحيح‌هاي انجام‌گرفته از ضرورت‌هاي اين پژوهش است. به نظر مي‌رسد در تصحيحِ ياحقي و زرقاني، اتّخاذِ شيوة تصحيح به‌صورت نسخة اساس و همچنين انتخاب نسخة منچستر به‌عنوان نسخة اساس، موجبِ راه‌يافتنِ كاستي‌هايي در متن مصحَّح شده‌ است كه در اين پژوهش، در چهار قالب كلي به آنها پرداخته خواهد شد. افزون‌بر اين، مفهوم برخي از واژگان، عبارات، تعابير و ابيات حديقةالحقيقه نيز مشخص خواهد شد.

The high position of Hadiqah al-Haqiqa in Persian literature has led to a lot of research on it; nevertheless, issues such as linguistic complexities, the use of other scientific terms, the obsolescence of the language, historical and religious references, and the irregular structure of the poem have left some of the ambiguities of this work unresolved. In the meantime, one should not be ignorant of a proper correction of Hadiqat al-Haqiqa; a correction that can take into account all aspects of this book and Sanai’s mental geometry, to provide the literary community with a text closest to the author’s. This issue has attracted the attention of contemporary Persian language scholars, hence remarkable studies in the field of correcting or describing the problems of this book have been done in the last century. In this study, the newest correction of Hadiqat al-Haqiqa will be investigated, and its weaknesses will be highlighted using the descriptive-analytical method and library resources. The necessity of the study is the need for both studying Sanai and his works in Persian literature and reviewing their corrections. It seems that in Yahaghi and Zarghani’s correction, using the method of correction in the form of the base manuscript as well as selecting the Manchester manuscript as the base version has resulted in some deficiencies in the corrected text, which will be addressed in this study in four general formats. Also, the concept of certain words, phrases, expressions, and couplets of Hadiqat al-Haqiqa will be clarified. Introduction It is the pleasure of literary lovers to make any correction of Persian literary texts. It will be more gratifying if the correction is made by two well-known figures in the field. Correction of Sanai’s Hadiqah al-Haqiqah, which is published by Mohammad Jafar Yahaghi and Seyed Mehdi Zarghani in 2018 (1397 AH), is one of the studies that was done according to the needs assessment of the literary society. But, in the end, when it was published, it became clear that unfortunately there were many deficiencies in the research method, as well as its comments and explanations in a way that it is sometimes perceived that what is written in the text of the book is far from the academic position of the two researchers. Although it has been difficult to write this book, admittedly, some verses in Hadiqat al-Haqiqa need further explanation. There are also discrepancies between the text and the comments, or there are shortcomings in reporting and recording verses. All of these have been discussed in this article. Material & Methods In this research, which has been done with the descriptive-analytical method and using library resources, the first correction of Hadiqat al-Haqiqa entitled Latiyef al-Hadaieq (Abdul Latif Abbasi between the years 1037 to 1044 AH, the correction of Modarres Razavi (1320 AH), the correction of Maryam Hosseini (1382 AH) entitled Fakhri Nameh, and other related works such as Talighate Hadiqah from Modarres Razavi (1341 AH), Sharhe Moshkelate Hadiqahe Sanaei from Ishaq Toghyani (1382 AH), and Sharhe Doshvarihaei Az Hadiqahe Sanaei by Zahra Dori (1383 AH) have been used. Discussion of Results & Conclusions One of the biggest reasons why there are many deficiencies is the correction of Yahaghi and Zarghani is choosing the Manchester manuscript (dated 681) as the base version, and abandoning the old manuscripts such as 552 and 558. It should be noted that the Manchester manuscript does not have the original characteristics of a basic manuscript. Perhaps the proofreaders’ argument for omitting these manuscripts is that they do not include all of Hadiqat al-Haqiqa poems. But, even with this argument, the antiquity, validity, and originality of these manuscripts cannot be ignored. Another reason is the text correction method that is chosen by the correctors. Considering the manuscripts used in this correction, it seems that the correction by using the ‘intermediate’ method could be the best method that the two researchers could use. Additionally, the corrected text should have been compared with one of the previous corrections. These factors have led to fundamental shortcomings in correcting and reducing its scientific value.