چكيده لاتين :
Khajeh Majdoddin Hamgar is a proficient poet of the Atabakan era of Persia, especially Abu Bakr Sa'd and Sa'd Abu Bakr Zangi. A scholarly correction of his divan with more than 7000 verses, like other written heritage, is necessarynot only because of preserving and perpetuating examples from ancient texts historically, intellectually, politically, socially, and literary but also because of showing aspects of the poet's life and works. Divan Majd was first published by Ahmad Karami in 1996, and, then in 1997, part of it was corrected by Mostafa Monsef, as a master thesis. Considering the necessity of re-correcting, examining, and comparing 18 manuscripts and anthologies, the present study illustrates cases of failures and errors in the two previous corrections (especially in the printed copy) including not introducing the exact version, not recording the full version of the alternatives, errors in expressing the format of the poems, many errors in the text, misreading of the copies, and so on. Also, the re-correction contains newly-written poems in odes and quatrains that the printed version lacks. Due to the unavailability of a complete copy and the precedence of one or more copies over another version (except in quatrains, which are sometimes incomplete) in the re-correction, the proofreader has tried to obtain a text close to what emerges from the poet’s mind in an eclectic and intermediate method. In addition, by examining the memoirs and some of Majd’s poems on the anthologies and setting up introductions and annotations on some of the cases, some vital neglected points are presented.
Introduction
Khajeh Majdoddin Hamgar (607-686 AH) was a poet during the chaotic period of Mongol’s attacks. Once, running from the chaotic situation to find the pacifism, he took refuge to Atabakan Solghori shrine, Joveinin clan, and Gharakhataian in Kerman and tested his perception in various literary genres. The important issue about Majd’s Divan is the difference regarding the number of his verses. Some believe that his verses are a few (Hedayat, 1340 AH/ 1951). In some references, the number of his verses reach 12000 verses (Manuscript No. 2367). It seems that the number of his verses ranges from 2000 to 12000. This difference partly is due to the lack of a comprehensive and precise divan close to the poet’s era. Another reason is that attention at that time was paid to odes and other genres of the divan, especially lyrics and pieces were ignored. In the present edition of the divan, edited by Ahamd Karami, the number of verses reaches 6000. However, the number of verses in the edition, edited by Mustafa Monsef, reaches 2645 verses. The number of verses in the new edition is more than 7000 and the main reason for this difference is in the quatrains, then odes and pieces.
Materials and Methods
In proofreading of the divan, the author of the present study has used 18 manuscripts and compilations, some of which are as follows:
Manuscript No. 3713, British Museum Library, written in 697 AH by Mohammad Alishah ben Ali ben Mahmood Esfahani. A manuscript of Majd Rubaiyat is available which has 610 quatrains. The picture of this manuscript is available in Minovi library (numbers 234 and 235).
Manuscript No. 582, Tehran University, 255 pages with 15 lines per each page, in the 10th and 11th centuries AH.
Manuscript No. 6041, Tehran University: with no date, 93 pages with various lines.
Manuscript available in Paris Library No.1/791, 72 pages with 18 lines on each page. The video of it is available at Tehran University (number 1322).
Manuscript of Bodleian Library No. 678 Eliot 56: with no date, 191 pages with 15 lines per each page, written by Mohammad Shirazi, its film is available in Tehran University (number 894).
Manuscript of Istanbul University Library No.UK.FY.377, 219 pages with 12 lines on each page. Two vignettes with inlaid and illumination, written about the 9th century AH.
Manuscript of Islamic Parliament Library: 150 pages with 18 lines on each page. At the end of the edition, this line is available: “Finished”.
Manuscript No. 2660 Parliament Library, 22 lines written by Mohammad Hassan including three divans by Imami, Zahir Faryabi, and Majd Hamgar.
Manuscript No. 1915 National Library, 74 pages 15 lines. At the end of the book after the description of Majd Hamgar, we have this line: “Finished the book by the help of great God”. It has been written on the 24th of Ramadan 1263 AH.
Manuscript No. 5514, Malik Library, 110 pages with 11 lines each page, written in 1283 AH.
Discussion of Results and Conclusions
The Divan Majdoddin Hamgar’s, the famous poet of the 7th century AH, was proofread twenty years ago by Ahamd Karami and then published. Later, with comparing some other manuscripts, it was proofread critically as a MA thesis. However, these editions have some mistakes. The most important mistakes in Karami’s correction are: not recording the full version of the alternatives, error reading, misreading, spelling mistakes and disorders, punctuation, rhythm, etc. In the second correction, there are some misreading and copy defects. Hence, the author of the present study, by understanding the importance of proofreading again, has tried correcting some of the mistakes and defects by comparing the available editions again. Although selecting the basic edition has been impossible due to the principles of such selection, it provides a corrected text which is done through a critical and eclectic method by comparing 18 manuscripts and anthologies.
