پتانسيل استفاده از بيوچار جلبك‌هاي ماكروسكوپي Enteromorpha compressa و Ulva lactuca در بهبود كيفيت آب و خاك

Potential Use of Macroalgal Biochar of Enteromorpha compressa and Ulva lactuca for Improvement of Water and Soil

ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻨﻮع دارﻧﺪ و ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان از آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﻮﭼﺎر ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻤﻮد. در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﭼﺎر دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﻠﺒﻚ ﻣﺎﻛﺮوﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ Enteromorpha compressa و Ulva lactuca ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪه از ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻓﺎرس ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﻮﭼﺎرﻫﺎ در دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﺪون اﻛﺴﻴﮋن و ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﺑﻴﻮﭼﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي ﺑﺎ روش اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺧﺎك آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ دﻣﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري 0/05≤P( ﺑﺮ وزن، EC ،pH، ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻛﺮﺑﻦ آﻟﻲ، ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن، ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ،ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻢ، ﭘﺘﺎﺳﻴﻢ و ﺳﺪﻳﻢ ﺑﻴﻮﭼﺎر ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎ دارد. ﺑﻴﻮﭼﺎر E. compressa و U. lactuca ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ داراي ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻛﺮﺑﻦ آﻟﻲ از9/1 ﺗﺎ 18/22 درﺻﺪ و 12/14 ﺗﺎ 21/25 درﺻﺪ، pH 8/04 ﺗﺎ 11/71 و 8/17 ﺗﺎ 12/09، ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﺧﺎﻛﺴﺘﺮ 13/54 ﺗﺎ 28/57 و 22/65 ﺗﺎ 43/57 درﺻﺪ، ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن 2/1 ﺗﺎ 3/3 و 2/7 ﺗﺎ 4/1 درﺻﺪ، ﭘﺘﺎﺳﻴﻢ 7323 ﺗﺎ 8831 و 4675 ﺗﺎ 7933 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ اﻛﻲواﻻن ﺑﺮ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ،ﺳﺪﻳﻢ 26485 ﺗﺎ 33531 و 7977 ﺗﺎ 13445 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ اﻛﻲواﻻن ﺑﺮ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ، ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ 20ﺗﺎ 16 و 20ﺗﺎ 32 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ اﻛﻲواﻻن ﺑﺮ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ و ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻢ 172 ﺗﺎ 48 و 440 ﺗﺎ 12 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ اﻛﻲواﻻن ﺑﺮ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻮﭼﺎر ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻛﺮوﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ داراي ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻐﺬي اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﺎك ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎك اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﻮد و ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﻬﺮه وري ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﮔﺮدد. ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻮﭼﺎر ﺟﻠﺒﻚﻫﺎي E. compressa و U. lactuca را ﻣﻲﺗﻮان در اﺻﻼح ﺧﺎك ﻫﺎي اﺳﻴﺪي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻛﺮد.

Algae have various applications and may use to biochar production. In this study, laboratory biochar production of two macroalgae of Enteromorpha compressa and Ulva lactuca collected from Persian Gulf were investigated. Biochar production was performed at different temperature without oxygen. The characters of obtained biochar were determined by standard methods. Results showed that the temperature had significant effect (P<0.05) on weight, pH, organic carbon content, N, Ca, Mg, Na and K of macroalgal biochars. The biochar of E. compressa and U. lactuca had, respectively, 13.54 -28.57 % and 22.65-43.75 % ash weight; 8.04-11.71 and 8.17-12.09 pH; 9.1-18.22 % and 12.14-21.25 % organic carbon; 2.1-3.3 % and 2.7-4.1 % N; 16-20 and 20-32 meq/l Ca; 48-172 and 12-440 meq/l Mg; 26485-33531 and 7977-13445 meq/l Na; 7323-8831 and 4675-7933 meq/l K. The macroalgae biochar have different nutrients that could be used for improvement of soil and increasing of yield of production. In addition, biochar of of E. compressa and U. lactuca may use for improvement of acidic soils and also as biosorbent for treatment of wastewaters.