كليدواژه :
عناصر غذايي , فلزات سنگين , كود آلي , كيفيت خاك , لجن كشتارگاه
چكيده فارسي :
اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻟﺠﻦ ﻓﺎﺿﻼب در ﺧﺎكﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎدهي آﻟﯽ ﮐﻢ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ روشﻫﺎي ﺑﺎزﭼﺮﺧﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺲﻣﺎﻧﺪ آﻟﯽ اﺳﺖ؛ اﻣﺎ وﺟﻮد آﻻﯾﻨﺪهﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ در آن ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻼﻣﺖ اﻧﺴﺎن و ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺖ زﯾﺎنﺑﺎر اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﭘﯿﺶ از اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻟﺠﻦ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﮐﺸﺘﺎرﮔﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ دام ﺳﻨﻨﺪج از دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺧﺎك ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻟﺠﻦ ﺑﺮ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﺎك ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺧﺎك ﺑﺎ 1-t ha 12 از اﯾﻦ ﻟﺠﻦ و ﮔﺮﻣﺎﮔﺬاري آن ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 70 روز اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻟﺠﻦ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻟﺠﻦ از ﻧﻈﺮ pH، ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻞ Ni ،Pb ،Zn ،Fe ،Mn ،Na ،K ،N ،C و Cd در ﺣﺪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي آﻟﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﻫﺪاف ﮐﺸﺎورزي اﺳﺖ اﻣﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﻟﺠﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ زﯾﺎنآوري )HQ( ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 1/5 ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻤﯽ ﺑﯿﺶ از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي آﻟﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﻫﺪاف ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺧﺎك ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﻟﺠﻦ ﺳﺒﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان Zn ،(90/7%) Fe ،(118/2%) P ،(%20) C ،(113/7%) NO3 ،(148/4%) N )%440/0( و Na )%66/0( و EC )%168/7( ﺧﺎك در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ، ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻟﺠﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي اﻫﺪاف ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﻗﺒﻞ از ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد اﯾﻦ ﻟﺠﻦ در ﮐﺸﺎورزي، از ﻧﻈﺮ آﻟﻮدﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺑﯽ و آﻟﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.
چكيده لاتين :
Application of sewage sludge in low organic matter agricultural soils is one of the most important methods for healthy recycling of such organic waste. But the presence of contaminants such as heavy metals in sewage sludge may pose risks and hazards to humans and the environment, which must be evaluated before use. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of industrial abattoir refinery sludge, produced in Sanandaj city, on improving the soil quality and health. Furthermore, the effect of sludge on the soil chemical properties was investigated by treating the soil with 12 ton ha-1 of sludge and incubating it for 70 days. The results of comparing sludge properties with valid standards showed that this sludge is in the standard range of organic fertilizers for agricultural purposes in terms of pH, total C, N, K, Na, Mn, Fe, Zn, Pb, Ni and Cd. But the salinity of the sludge with a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1.5 was slightly above the standard level of organic fertilizers for agricultural purposes. Furthermore, soil treated with the sludge increased N (148.4%), NO3 (113.7%), C (20%), P (118.2%), Fe (90.7%), Zn (440%) and Na (66%) as compared to the control soil. Based on the results of this assessment, in general the quality of the sludge is suitable for agricultural purposes. However, it is suggested that the sludge is examined in terms of microbial and organic contamination before it is used in agriculture.
