اصول ديني بهره وري نيروي كار بر مبناي تحليل موضوعي - محتوايي آيات قرآن با نگاهي به قوانين توسعه پنج ساله كشور

The Religious Principles of Labor Productivity Based on Subject-Content Analysis of Qur'anic Verses Looking at the Country's Five-Year Development Laws

ﻳﻜﻲ از ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ اﻗﺘﺼـﺎد، ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﻣـﺆﺛﺮ در ﺑﻬـﺮه وري ﻧﻴـﺮوي ﻛـﺎر اﺳـﺖ ﻳﻜـﻲ از ﭘﻴﺶ ﻓﺮض ﻫﺎ در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺎره، ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬاري ارزش ﻫﺎي دﻳﻨﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻚ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺮّك ﺑﻨﻴﺎدﻳﻦ ﺑـﺮ ﻧﻴـﺮوي ﻛﺎر ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎن اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ از ﺑﺎورﻫﺎي اﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻣﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺗﺒﻠﻮر اﻋﺘﻘﺎد ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺑﺎورﻫـﺎ را ﻣـﻲ ﺗـﻮان در رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي او ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻛﺮد. ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻓﺮض، ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫـﺎي اﻳـﻦ ﻋﺎﻣـﻞ ﻣﻬـﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻒ راﻫﻜﺎرﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻬﺮه وري او و ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬاري در ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻜـﺮد ﻧﻴـﺮوي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ و ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺘﻲ از اﺻﻮل دﻳﻨﻲ اﺛﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ ﻧﻴﺮوي ﻛﺎر ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎن را اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻛﺮد. اﻣﺎ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎن، آﻧﭽﻪ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ زﻳﺎدي در اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎ دارد، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ دﻳﻨﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺸﻒ ﮔﺰاره ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و اراﺋﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪل ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳـﺎس آن ﺑﺘﻮان ﻳﻚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﻈﺎم ﻣﻨﺪ ﺟﻬﺖ آﻣﻮزش و رﺷﺪ ﺑﻬﺮه وري ﻧﻴﺮوي ﻛﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻧﻤﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ دﻟﻴـﻞ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﻼش ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻘﻲ از دو روش ﺗﺤﻘﻴـﻖ ﻣﻴـﺎن رﺷـﺘﻪ اي »ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞ ﻣﺤﺘـﻮا « و »ﺗﻔﺴـﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ−ﻋﻠﻤﻲ« ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ارزش ﻫﺎي دﻳﻨﻲ اﺛﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ ﺑﻬﺮه وري ﻧﻴﺮوي ﻛﺎر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘـﻨﺞ ﺳـﺎﻟﻪ ﻛﺸـﻮر، ﻣﻴـﺰان ﻫﻤـﺎﻫﻨﮕﻲ آن ﺑـﺎ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪه ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي ﻓﺮاﺗﺮ از آﻧﭽﻪ اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻤﻨﺪان اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﺎن ﻛﺮده اﻧﺪ، ﺑﺮ ﻧﻴﺮوي ﻛﺎر اﺛﺮﮔـﺬار ﺑـﻮده و ﻻزم اﺳﺖ در ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻮل و ﺑﻮﻣﻲ ﺳﺎزي ﻋﻠﻮم، ﺑﻪ آﻣﻮزه ﻫﺎي دﻳﻦ اﺳﻼم ﺑﻴﺶ از ﭘﻴﺶ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ وﻳﮋه ﺷﻮد.

One of the main questions in the field of economics is identifying the factors influencing labor productivity. One of the presuppositions in this regard is the influence of religious values as a fundamental motivating factor on the Muslim workforce, which is influenced by Islamic beliefs and the crystallization of faith in these beliefs can be seen in his behavior. Based on this premise, in order to analyze the behaviors of this important factor of production, it is necessary to discover strategies to strengthen his productivity and influence the quality of human resource performance and extract a list of religious principles affecting the Muslim labor force. However, what is of great importance in such research is the use of appropriate research methods to refer to religious sources to discover appropriate propositions and provide a management model based on which a systematic program for training and productivity growth can be developed. For this reason, this study attempts to combine the two methods of interdisciplinary research "content analysis" and "subject-scientific interpretation" to extract the religious values affecting labor productivity. Also, the alignment of the extracted components with the five-year development plans of the country has been examined along this path. The results indicate that many factors beyond what economic and managerial scholars have stated have had an impact on the workforce and that it is necessary to pay close attention to the teachings of the Islamic religion in the process of transformation and localization of science.