كليدواژه :
تنش , عملكرد , گياه دارويي , باكتري , عملكرد
چكيده فارسي :
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺮك رﺷﺪ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﻢآﺑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ ﺳﯿﺎﻫﺪاﻧﻪ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﮐﺮت ﺧﺮدﺷﺪه در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ ﯾﺎدﮔﺎر اﻣﺎم ﺧﻤﯿﻨﯽ)ره( در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺷﻬﺮري در ﺳﺎل 1394 اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. در اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ آﺑﯿﺎري ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ 55، 95، 135 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ از ﺗﺸﺘﮏ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ ﮐﻼس A( و روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺮك رﺷﺪ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺮﻋﯽ در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ ﻋﺪم ﻣﺼﺮف، ﺑﺬر ﻣﺎل، آب آﺑﯿﺎري، ﺑﺬر ﻣﺎآب آﺑﯿﺎري( در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ اﺛﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري داﺷﺖبررسي در سطح يك درصد اثر معنيداري داشت، به طوريكه بيشترين ارتفاع بوته ( 99 بوته ( فرعي 2/ 19 عدد)، وزن هزار دانه ( 18 / 5/4 عدد)، تعداد كپسول در بوته ( 6 عدد)، تعداد دانه در كپسول ( 2 ) 234/ گرم)، عملكرد دانه 79 ) 626/ كيلوگرم در هكتار)، عملكرد بيولوژيك 58 كيلوگرم در هكتار)، ﺑﻪﻃﻮريﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ 18/99 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ(، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﮔﺮم(، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ 234/79 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر(، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ 626/58 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ )37/42 درﺻﺪ( در دور آﺑﯿﺎري 55 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ از ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺸﺘﮏ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺮك رﺷﺪ ﺑﺮ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻓﺮﻋﯽ در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﭙﺴﻮل در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺮك رﺷﺪ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﺑﺬرﻣﺎل آب آﺑﯿﺎري ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﭼﻨﯿﻦ اﻇﻬﺎر داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺮك رﺷﺪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪودي اﺛﺮات ﻣﺨﺮب ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﻢآﺑﯽ در ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ ﺳﯿﺎﻫﺪاﻧﻪ را ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺮك رﺷﺪ در زﻣﺎن ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﻢآﺑﯽ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد روش ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺑﺬر ﻣﺎل آب آﺑﯿﺎري ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
In order to study the effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield and yield components of Black cumin (Nigell a sativa L.) under drought stress conditions in Shahr-e-Rey region, an experiment was done as split plot based on completely randomized block design with three replications in research farm of Islamic Azad University Yadegare- Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre-rey Branch during 2015. In this experiment, irrigation as a major factor in three levels (55, 95, 135 mm evaporation from class A evaporation pan ) and methods of PGPRs application as a sub in four levels (seed inoculation, using in irrigation water, seed inoculation + using in irrigation water) were considered. The resultsShahr-e-Rey region, an experiment was done as split plot based on completely randomized
block design with three replications in research farm of Islamic Azad University Yadegare- Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre-rey Branch during 2015. In this experiment, irrigation as a major factor in three levels (55, 95, 135 mm evaporation from class A evaporation pan ) and methods of PGPRs application as a sub in four levels (seed inoculation, using in irrigation water, seed inoculation + using in irrigation water) were considered. The results
showed that drought stress had significant effect on all traits at %1 level of probability, so that the highest plant height (99/18 cm), number of branches per plant (4.5), capsules number per plant (6), number of seeds per capsule (2.19), 1000 grain weight (18.2 g), grain yield (234.79 kg/ha), biological yield (626.58 kg/ha), harvest index (%42.37) were conducted in irrigation at 55 mm evaporation from class A evaporation pan. The use of PGPRs on plant height, number of branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index were significant at 1% level of probability. The highest amounts of traits were observed in seed inoculation + using in irrigation water. So it can be stated that the PGPRs application can reduce destructive effects of drought in black cumin. The seed inoculation + using in irrigation water were the best recommended treatment in water deficit stress conditions.
