پهنه بندي اجمالي استان هاي كشور بر اساس شاخص هاي تنش آبي، سيل، خشك سالي و فرسايندگي باران

Perspective Zoning of Iran Provinces based on Water Stress, Flood, Drought and Rainfall Erosivity Indices

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺟﻤﺎﻟﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﺸﻮر از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺳﯿﻞ، ﺗﻨﺶ آﺑﯽ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻓﺮﺳﺎﯾﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺎران و ﺧﺸﮑﺴﺎﻟﯽ و ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﯾﮏ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ در ﻣﻘﯿﺎس اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ و ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج و ﭘﺲ از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﮐﺮدن در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﯾﮏ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﯽ آن ﻫﺎ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن، اﻟﺒﺮز و ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ 0/59 ،0/61 و 0/58 داراي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع، ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﻮب ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ داراي ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﻮده، ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪات ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﻓﺮﺳﺎﯾﺶ ﺧﺎك و ﻫﺪررﻓﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ وﻗﻮع ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺣﺪي در آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ ﻟﺰوم اﺟﺮاي ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﺎك و آب ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﮐﺸﻮر را آﺷﮑﺎر ﻣﯽ ﺳﺎزد.

The present study was conducted to make a brief prioritization based on a combined index for flood potential, water stress, rainfall erosivity index and drought severity at province scale in Iran. To accomplish this, the initial country-wide available data were initially collected. The raw data were mined and then standardized to neglect differences in units and magnitudes. The standardized data were ultimately analyzed using geometric mean. According to the results, Khozestan, Alborz and Kermanshah Provinces with respective combined indices of 0.61, 0.59 and 0.58 stood at the first priority in viewpoint of water and erosion indicators. Furthermore, the results of the study showed that southwestern provinces of the country were the most sensitive areas owing to high probability of extreme events and as a result, high amount of water resources loss and erosion potential. So that, implementation of soil and water resources management strategies in aforesaid provinces seems to be vital.