ارتباط فضاهاي سكونتي با ابعاد سبك زندگي (بررسي تطبيقي دو محلۀ سنتي و معاصر شهر تبريز)

The Relationship between Residential Environments and Lifestyle Dimensions (A Comparative Study of a Traditional and a Contemporary Neighborhood in Tabriz, Iran)

ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺑﻌﺎد ﺳﺒﮏِ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎن اﺳﺖ. از ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﻈﺮي، ﯾﮑـﯽ از ﻣـﻮارد ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ در ﻣﯿﺎن ﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎن ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﯽ، ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﻣﺤـﯿﻂ در اﺧﺘﯿـﺎر اﻧﺴـﺎن ﻗـﺮار ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ. ﺑﺎ واﮐﺎويِ اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار، ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﻣﮑـﺎن و اﺑﻌـﺎد ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ در ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﺘﯽ و ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ در راﺳﺘﺎي اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﺳﻨﺠﯽ اﻟﮕﻮي ﻧﻈﺮي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﺷـﺪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ آﻣﺎري، 200 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎن ﻫﺮ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ ﻋﺎﻣـﻞ ﺗﺄﯾﯿـﺪي ﺑـﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔـﺬاري ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺑﻌﺎد ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿـﺖ ﻫـﺎي ﻓﻀـﺎﻫﺎي ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺎﺷـﻨﺪ. آزﻣـﻮن ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﺎت ﻧﻈـﺮي در ﻣﺤﻠـﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺳـﻨﺘﯽ و ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺤﻠﮥ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ، ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑـﯽ در ﺳـﻄﺢ ﻣﺤﻠـﻪ و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿـﺖ ﻧﻤـﺎدﯾﻦ در ﺳـﻄﺢ ﺧﺎﻧـﻪ،ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ را ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪ اﺑﻌﺎد ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ. در ﺧﺼﻮص اﺑﻌﺎد ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ در ﺳـﻄﺢ ﻣﺤﻠـﻪ، ﺑدﻌـﺪ ﺗﻌﺎﻣـﻞ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ و در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ، ﺑدﻌﺪ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ، ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻧﻤﺎدﯾﻦ، ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧـﺪ. در ﻣﺤﻠﮥ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ، ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻧﻤﺎدﯾﻦ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ، ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ را ﺑﺮ ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ اﺑﻌﺎد ﺳـﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ. در ﺧﺼﻮص اﺑﻌﺎد ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ، ﺑدﻌﺪ وﺣﺪت، ﺗﺤـﺖ ﺗـﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿـﺖ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ و در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ، ﺑدﻌﺪ وﺣﺪت، ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻧﻤﺎدﯾﻦ، ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ.

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between residential environments and the residents’ lifestyle dimensions. Theoretical studies suggest that the capabilities of residential environments can affect different aspects of lifestyle. To validate the theoretical model of the study, a traditional and a contemporary neighborhood in Tabriz were selected. The statistical population for each neighborhood was determined to be 200 residents. A confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the impact of residential environments on lifestyle dimensions. The results of our theoretical tests on a traditional and a contemporary neighborhood suggested that in the traditional neighborhood, the physical capability at the neighborhood level and the symbolic capability at the home level had the highest impact on the development of lifestyle dimensions. In terms of lifestyle dimensions, at the neighborhood level, the interaction dimension was affected the most by the physical capability, whereas at the home level, the interaction dimension was affected the most by the symbolic capability. In contrast, in the contemporary neighborhood, the social capability at the neighborhood and the symbolic capability at the home level had the highest impact on the improvement of lifestyle dimensions. In terms of lifestyle dimensions, at the neighborhood level, the unity dimension was affected the most by the social capability, whereas at the home level, the unity dimension was affected the most by the symbolic capability.