نقش شركت تعاوني دهياري‌ها در توسعه كالبدي - فضايي نواحي روستايي (مطالعه موردي: روستاهاي بخش مركزي شهرستان گرگان)

ﯾﮑﯽ از ﭘﯿﺶ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي اﺳﺎﺳﯽ زﯾﺴﺘﻦ در ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ، ﺑﺮﺧﻮرداري از ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت رﻓﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻮده، ﻟﺬا ﺟﻬﺖ دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯿﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت رﻓﺎﻫﯽ و ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽ دﻫﯿﺎريﻫﺎ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﺑﺎﻋﺚ درآﻣﺪزاﯾﯽ، ﺧﻮدﮐﻔﺎﯾﯽ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻓﻨﯽ ﭘﺮوژهﻫﺎ و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ دﻫﯿﺎريﻫﺎ در ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﺮاﻧﯽ و ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽ دﻫﯿﺎريﻫﺎ در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﺮﮔﺎن ﻣﯽﭘﺮدازد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﮔﺮﮔﺎن ﮐﻪ داراي 3 دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﻮده و از ﻫﺮ دﻫﺴﺘﺎن 3 روﺳﺘﺎ ﺑﺎ 5402 ﺧﺎﻧﻮار اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﺑﺰار ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪاي ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ آن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﺳﺘﺎدان و ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار 83 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان، 359 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺎﻧﻮار روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري )ﻓﺮﯾﺪﻣﻦ، ﮐﺎي اﺳﮑﻮﺋﺮ ﺗﮏﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪاي و ﮐﺮوﺳﮑﺎل واﻟﯿﺲ( اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﮐﺎياﺳﮑﻮﺋﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷﺮﮐﺖﻫﺎي ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽ دﻫﯿﺎريﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ و ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ راﺑﻄﻪ 99 درﺻﺪي و ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮآن آزﻣﻮن ﻓﺮﯾﺪﻣﻦ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار را ﺑﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽ دﻫﯿﺎريﻫﺎ در ﺑﻌﻀﯽ از زﻣﯿﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ و ﭘﺮرﻧﮓﺗﺮ و در ﺑﻌﻀﯽ زﻣﯿﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﮐﻢ رﻧﮓﺗﺮ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آزﻣﻮن ﮐﺮوﺳﮑﺎلواﻟﯿﺲ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ و ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻋﺪم ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮده و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد آن در ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﻬﻮد ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨد

One of the basic prerequisites for living in rural communities is the availability of minimum facilities and welfare services. Various measures have been taken by related organizations in order to provide villagers with welfare and physical services. In order to establish a comprehensive correlation between rural development services and the creation of a support institution for rural managers, a co-opment of the diner with the aim of intellectual and financial support from the Dehairan was formed in 2009. The formation of cooperatives in rural areas can contribute to the comprehensive development of villages and accelerate them more rapidly. The formation phase of cooperatives, income generation, self-sufficiency, and lowering the cost of production and increasing the quality of the project and, in general, participation in the development and services sectors. The main objective of this research is to investigate the role of cooperatives in the development of spatial physical services in rural areas of central part of Gorgan city. This research was done in the field of field studies and applied in practice. The community of this research includes rural diners and rural influences. The main instrument of the research is self-made questionnaire by the researcher. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were confirmed by experts and through the Cronbach alpha coefficient (alpha = 0.82). Correlation and meaningful correlations such as Friedman, Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney were used to assess the public satisfaction of the spatial physical services of the cooperative. The results of the findings showed that the cooperatives in the areas of infrastructure and welfare services have managed to achieve success, but in the areas of space and rural development, they have not achieved much success, on the other hand, the lack of the enumeration of councils and cooperative members of the dormitories It is for such cooperatives to be one of the most important problems in relation to their duties.