قاعدۀ عدالت و انصاف و تاثير آن بر فقه و حقوق موضوعه

Rol the rule of justice and fairness on jurisprudence and law

نوشتار پيش‌رو، با روش توصيفي تحليلي به بررسي مفهوم عدالت و انصاف از ديدگاه فقها و حقوق دانان پرداخته و، در پي پاسخ به اين پرسش است كه اگر قاعدۀ عدالت به مثابۀ يك قاعدۀ فقهي است چه تأثيري برفقه و حقوق موضوعه دارد؟ اين نوشته با فرض اينكه عدالت به معناي رعايت حقوق و عطا كردن حق به ذي حق است به بررسي دو ديدگاه مهم در اين رابطه پرداخته است.و نظريۀ دوم را تأييد كرده است.ديدگاه اول اين است كه : قاعدۀ عدالت و انصاف به يك باب از ابواب فقهي اختصاص دارد. و ديدگاه دوم: قاعدۀ عدالت و انصاف را مختص يك باب از ابواب فقهي ندانسته و آن را در همۀ ابواب فقهي و در عرصه‌هاي مختلف اجتماعي، سياسي، اقتصادي و ... جاري مي‌داند.

The writers of the leading writing, by examining the concept of justice and fairness and comparing them with similar concepts, seek to answer the question that if the rule of justice and fairness is a legal rule, what effect does it have on the subject matter and law? Also, assuming that justice means observing the rights and granting the right to the right, then it has been chosen as the focus of this paper and examined two important points. Then, by examining the reasons for the two views, they confirmed the second theory. The first point: Some jurisprudents, who are more than ours, believe that the principle of justice and fairness is assigned to one chapter from the jurisprudence. From the point of view of these jurisprudents, this rule is a judicial-financial rule, but the second point: Some contemporary jurisprudents do not consider the rule of justice and fairness specific to a tribe from the jurisprudential jurisprudence, and it is not considered by all jurisprudence and in various fields of social, political, Economic and ... current. A review of these two perspectives has been done by descriptive-analytical method