پايش رشد كودكان كار 6-5 ساله منطقه 15 شهر تهران در سال 1397

Monitoring the Growth of Working Children within the Age Range of 5-6 Years in the 15th District of Tehran, Iran, in 2018

سوء تغذيه در كودكان علاوه بر عقب ماندگي رشد جسمي و ذهني، با كاهش يادگيري و عدم توانايي در كسب مهارت همراه مي باشد. در اين ارتباط، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسي وضعيت تغذيه اي كودكان 6-5 ساله "كانون شكوفا" (كودكان كار) منطقه 15 شهر تهران انجام شد. روش بررسي اين مطالعه از نوع مقطعي بوده و با توجه به محدود بودن تعداد كودكان مورد نظر در اين مركز (53 نفر) به روش سرشماري در سال 1397 انجام شد. اطلاعات مورد نياز براساس پرونده كودكان و اندازه گيري هاي آنتروپومتريك جمع آوري شدند و با استفاده از استاندارد NCHS (National Center for Health Statistics)، امتياز Z براي هريك از شاخص هاي BMI (Body mass index) براي سن، وزن براي سن و قد براي سن محاسبه گرديد. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 20 و آزمون آماري مجذور كاي دو در سطح معناداري (0/05 < P تجزيه و تحليل شدند. يافته ها : در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ 25 ﭘﺴﺮ )47/2 درﺻﺪ( و 28 دﺧﺘﺮ )52/8 درﺻﺪ( ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻧﻤﻮدﻧﺪ. 28 ﻧﻔﺮ از آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽﻫﺎ )52/8 درﺻ ﺪ( ﻣﻠﯿﺖ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ و 25 ﻧﻔﺮ )47/2 درﺻﺪ( ﻣﻠﯿﺖ اﻓﻐﺎن داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻦﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ 5/7 درﺻﺪ از ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﮐﻢ وزﻧﯽ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ، 7/5 درﺻﺪ ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﻗﺪي ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و 5/7 درﺻﺪ از آنﻫﺎ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ وزن داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. نتيجه گيري يافته هاي اين مطالعه نشان دادند كه وضعيت تغذيه اي كودكان 6-5 ساله كانون شكوفا نسبتا مناسب است؛ اما از آنجايي كه احتمال كمبود ريزمغذي ها وجود دارد، پيشنهاد مي شود اين مهم در مطالعات آتي مورد بررسي قرار گيرد.

Malnutrition in children is associated with decreased learning, inability to acquire skills, and physical and mental retardation. Anthropometric indicators are the most powerful tools for the assessment of the growth and nutritional status of children. The aim of the present study was to investigate the nutritional status of children within the age range of 5-6 years in the Shekoofa club (i.e., a working children club) in the 15th district of Tehran, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 53 children. Due to the limited number of working children in the district, the study was conducted using the Census method in 2018. The required data were collected based on the children’s records, anthropometric measurements, and use of the National Center for Health Statistics standard. In addition, the Z score was individually calculated for body mass index/ weight/height for age. The data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20) and Chi-squared test at a significant level of P < 0.05. Results: A total of 25 male (47.2%) and 28 female (52.8%) children participated in the present study, respectively. In addition, out of these 53 children, 28 (52.8%) and 25 (47.2%) subjects were reported as Iranian and Afghan, respectively. The anthropometric evaluation showed that 5.7%, 7.5%, and 5.7% of the children were moderately underweight, moderately stunted, and overweight, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the nutritional status of the children within the age range of 5-6 years in the Shekoofa club is fairly favorable; however, due to the likely presence of micronutrient deficiencies in the studied children, it is suggested to carry out further studies to consider this issue.