بررسي مقايسه‌اي‌ اثربخشي واقعيت درماني و درمان وجودي بر بهزيستي روانشناختي زنان مبتلا به سرطان سينه

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Reality Therapy and Existential Therapy on the Psychological Well-being of Women with Breast Cancer

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ واﻗﻌﯿﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ و درﻣﺎن وﺟﻮدي ﺑﺮ ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻃﺎن ﺳﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﻮد. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﮔﻤﺎرش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺷﺎﻣﻞ زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻃﺎن ﺳﯿﻨﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮي در ﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ اول ﺳﺎل 1397 ﺑﻮد. اﻓﺮاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ از ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﻣﺪﻧﯽ ﺧﻮي ﮐﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻤﻞ و ﺷﯿﻤﯽ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﭘﺲ از ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )12ﻧﻔﺮ( و آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ )12 ﻧﻔﺮ( ﮔﻤﺎرده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺑﺎ آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﯿﻦ دو روش درﻣﺎن )واﻗﻌﯿﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ و درﻣﺎن وﺟﻮدي( در ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن اﺑﻌﺎدي از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ اﺳﺘﻘﻼل، ﭘﺬﯾﺮش ﺧﻮد، ﺗﺴﻠﻂ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ، راﺑﻄﻪي ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺎ دﯾﮕﺮان، ﺑﻌﺪ داﺷﺘﻦ ﻫﺪف در زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و رﺷﺪ ﺷﺨﺼﯽ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد )0/05 > P (. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، ﻫﺮ دو روش واﻗﻌﯿﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ و درﻣﺎن وﺟﻮدي ﺑﺮاي اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﯾﮑﺴﺎﻧﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ و ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of reality therapy and existential therapy on the psychological well-being of women with breast cancer. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group and random assignment. The statistical population of the study included women with breast cancer in Khoy city in the first nine months 2018. The subjects were selected by purposeful sampling from the Khoy Shahid Madani Hospital undergoing surgery and chemotherapy. After completing the psychological well-being scale with random assignment in control (n = 12) and experimental (n = 12) groups. They were assigned. The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two treatment modalities (reality therapy and existential therapy) in post-test dimensions such as Independence, self acceptance, environmental mastery, positive relationship with others, goal pursuit in life, and personal growth (P> 0.05). Thus, it is concluded that both reality therapy and existential therapy have the same effect on enhancing psychological well-being and can be used as a complement