سازوكارهاي تضمين حقوق بنيادين بشر در نظام حقوقي عمومي ايران

Mechanisms for Guaranteeing Fundamental Human Rights in the Iranian Public Legal System

نسل كشي ها و كشتار دسته جمعي كه در جنگ جهاني دوم رخ داد، تلنگري بود بر ساختار جهان تا راهبردهاي اساسي تري براي حمايت از حقوق افراد در زمان صلح و جنگ انديشيده شود. از زمان تصويب اعلاميه جهاني حقوق بشر، اصل مهم حمايت از جايگاه انسان و مقام بشر به وسيله اعلاميه ها و كنوانسيونهاي گوناگوني تصويب شد كه گاه حاوي قوانين و مواضع تحديدكنندۀ سيستم هاي حاكميتي براي احقاق حقوق عامه افراد جامعه بود. سازوكارها و قواعد حقوق بنيادين بشر در ايران در ساختاري غيرنظام مند با قوانين و مواد گوناگون در قانون اساسي كشور آمده است، اما الزام به رعايت آن نياز به تحليل نظام ديني جامعه دارد زيرا جامعه و باورهاي اعتقادي اسلام آن را قبول ندارد و با سازوكارهاي ديني مستقل قانون گذار ايراني در اين زمينه قدم برداشته شده است.

The events and genocides and massacres that took place during World War II were a turning point in the structure of the world to address basic strategies for protecting the rights of individuals in both peacetime and wartime. With the drafting of the Declaration of Human Rights on December 10, 1948, that is, December 1327, it can be explicitly argued that this declaration was a turning point in supporting the institutional structure of societies. Since the enactment of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, an important principle of protection of human dignity and human dignity has been enshrined in numerous declarations and conventions, sometimes containing restrictive laws and positions against the system of government for the realization of public rights. But what can be said about the mechanisms of fundamental human rights in Iran is that these rules are in an unsystematic structure with various laws and articles in the country's constitution. But the obligation to observe it is something that needs to be analyzed by the religious system of the society, which the society and the beliefs of Islam do not accept, and the Iranian legislature has taken steps in this field with independent religious mechanisms.