كليدواژه :
ﮐﻼم اﺳﻼﻣﯽ , ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻﺗﯽ , ﻧﺴﻞ ﺷﮑﻮﻫﻤﻨﺪ , اﻣﺎﻣﺎن ﻣﻌﺼﻮم , ﭼﮕﺎﻟﺶ ﻓﻀﺎﺋل
چكيده فارسي :
بشر در طول تاريخ، استدلالات مختلفي را براي تحكيم ادعاها و استوارساختن عقايدش برگزيده است. هم‌اكنون به نظر مي‌رسد شيوه‌هاي استدلالي استقرايي ـ آماري، دستاوردهاي جديدي براي علم كلام به ارمغان آورد. هدف اصلي اين پژوهش، اثبات حقانيت مذهب شيعۀ اثني عشري با رويكردي نوآورانه است؛ در اين مسير از مطالعات كتابخانه‌اي با رويكردي تحليلي - اكتشافي بهره برده شد. در اين پژوهش با بهره‌گيري از اخبار و اطلاعات به‌دست‌آمده از اهل سنت يا غيرمسلمانان، تجربۀ زيستي يك نسل بلافصل چهارده‌گانه، پيمايش و چنين تبيين شده كه كمالات و فضائل انساني به‌نحو شگفتي در اين خانوادۀ دويست‌وپنجاه ساله، يكي پس از ديگري تكرار شده است؛ به گونه‌اي كه در هيچ‌كدام از نسل‌هاي پادشاهي يا روحاني چنين شكوهمندي مستمري مشاهده نمي‌شود. استمرار اين وضعيت در طول دو قرن و نيم و با فشار و تعقيب حاكمان ستمگر، اين گزاره را تقويت مي‌كند كه قدرتي فراتر از تنظيمات بشري، چگالش فضائل را در اين نسل اراده كرده است؛ چه آنكه هر يك از ابناي بشر درنهايت مي‌توانند در سطح فرزندان و نوه‌هاي خود مداخله كنند و نه در دامنۀ چندين نسل بعد از خود! اين پژوهش، استنباط احتمالاتي مذكور را رهيافت جديدي در دريافت حقانيت شيعه، فراروي جامعۀ علمي نهاده است.
چكيده لاتين :
Throughout history, man has chosen various arguments to support his claims and his ideas. Now, it seems that inductive-statistical reasoning methods can bring new achievements to theology. The main purpose of the present study is to prove the legitimacy of the Shiite religion with an innovative approach. The study uses library resources with an analytical-exploratory method.
Roy Bhaskar, the developer of the epistemological framework of critical realism, explains that the subject of scientific activity is not the study of events, rather, it is a study of the mechanisms that produce events. These mechanisms are real and independent of the existence of identifying the agent (researcher) in nature, but the result of the activity of a mechanism may not be realized or observed by the researcher. In the natural and social sciences, a randomization strategy is used to control such disturbing effects. In such a situation, the researcher tries to neutralize the effect of disturbing mechanisms by repeating the experiment or observing it in various contextual conditions repeatedly and then calculating the mean and performing statistical assumptions. Philosophers of science consider such explanations to be scientific issues and call them inductive-statistical explanations.
The same process applies to historical analysis. When a theologian intends to judge the legitimacy of that religion by exploring the behavior and speech of the great men of the religion, he may encounter disturbing mechanisms. For example, the narrators may not have narrated the events accurately and completely due to carelessness, or they may have manipulated the hadith and the chain of documents due to bad motives. Due to Taqiya, Imams try to behave differently from normal conditions. In fact, these historical events took place a few hundred years ago in an open system, and it is not possible for the present-day researcher to recreate those experiences in the laboratory. But given that the behavior and traditions of 14 Shiite leaders (each of these Infallibles was the son of the previous Imam) have been reliably recorded and made available to us over 250 years, we can repeat a series of special virtues and characteristics in an immediate 14 generations.
Imams have been born continuously and one after the other for two hundred and fifty years, and all of them, according to the authentic and numerous historical sources, in terms of science, piety, observing the poor, self-sacrifice, moral virtues, not cooperating with oppressive rulers (even at the cost of losing their sweet lives) were the leaders of the people during their time and have constantly aroused the admiration of many people who did not believe in their Imamate. The authors do not deny that throughout history there have been virtuous people whose children and grandchildren have been the manifestation of the same virtues. But in history, there is no example of the continuation of these virtues in a fourteen-generation. However, this family has been under constant pressure from the rulers of all ages, and there is no specific worldly motive and desire to continue the path of the previous Imam by the new Imam (who was the son of the previous Imam).
On the other hand, the most famous worthy book, in Arabic, has been published by a man from the same family throughout history. The literary beauties and scientific nuances of this book are so numerous that fair Orientalists and non-Muslim Arabic-speaking writers have praised it. In this regard, we should mention the news of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), which has been repeatedly mentioned in Sunni sources about the equal number of imams after the Prophet with the leaders of Israelites (twelve tribes). Sunni scholars have never been able to justify and accept it, and it is completely compatible with the glorious generation claimed by this research.
Using the news and information obtained from Sunnis or non-Muslims, the present study examines the biological experience of the fourteen-immediate generation and explains that human perfections and virtues in this 250-year-old family have been iterated surprisingly one after another. The continuation of this situation for two and a half centuries, under the pressure and persecution of oppressive rulers, reinforces the proposition that power beyond human regulation has determined the density of virtues in this generation. After all, every human being can ultimately intervene at the level of their children and grandchildren, and not at the level of several generations after them.
This research claims the mechanism that produced these virtues in this fourteen-generation family was divine will and miracle just as Moses (PBUH) and Jesus (PBUH) had miracles. At the same time, the many similarities between the teachings of the Quran and the teachings of the Torah and the Bible lead us to go beyond the fourteen-generation glorious family and join the family of the prophecy of Abraham's children.
