ويژگي هاي ژيومورفولوژيكي دامنه اي مشرف به جاده سولقان (ازپل زر تا سولقان )

Geomorphologic Specifications of Slopes of Soleghan Road(From Zar Bridge to Soleghan)

This essay discusses geomorphologic specifications of the slopes in Soleghan road (from Zar , Bridge to Soleghan), west Tehran. From geomorphological point of view some parts of this road are dangerous. The main aims of this essay are: to determine the measures taken on the slopes and Soleghan road, to assess their general applicability, and to identify slopes instability as well as the priority of the measures to be taken in order to assess any risk for the road and the people. Specific objectives are related to the distribution of slopes phenomena including rock fall, collapse, debris fall, topple fall, block slide, rock creep, talus creep, debris flow, debris slump, rock avalanches in three forms of vertical, lateral and diagonal, and knowing about their causes and mechanisms. Hazards of Road and slopes phenomena of this region are also discussed in the essay. Any use of slopes in Soleghan road depends on factors such as: 1-Making people and decision makers aware of the likely dangers. 2-Updating hazard information of slops phenomena and Soleghan road 3-Continual investigation by geomorphological engineers. The slopes forms must be a matter of concern to any one living in this region. Slopes are steep and the mean annual precipitation is probably over 350 milimeters and there is seasonal freezing. Most of the land in the region is 30 to 45 degrees steep. The importance of rapid slope breaks in the region is undoubtedly great. At the 15 to 45 degrees steep rock fall, collapse , debris fall, topple fall and slump are frequently seen. Reduction of strength in the rock occurs by weathering, swelling, fracture development, removal of cement and softening of material by increased ice and water content. Earth materials are increasingly crumbling by the development of joints in the slops.