معرفي دوكفه اي هاي مرواريد ساز و مناطق مناسب براي احداث مزارع پرورش آنها در خليج فارس

Appropriate Areas to Construction of Pearl Oyster Culture Farms

ﺑﺪون ﺗﺮدﯾﺪ، ﻧﺮمﺗﻨﺎن ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺷﺎﺧﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻢ در اﮐﻮﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي آﺑﯽ، داراي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي زﯾﺎدي ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺸﺮ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺼﺎرف، ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺮوارﯾﺪ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﺮوارﯾﺪ ﺳﺎز در ﺧﻠﯿﺞﻓﺎرس و ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻫﯿﺪروﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺮوارﯾﺪ، ﻟﺰوم ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺤﺚ ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺮوارﯾﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ درآوردن ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮه در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ، ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺿﺮوري ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ. ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺎن اﺧﯿﺮ روﻧﺪ ﻧﺰوﻟﯽ ﺻﯿﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ آﺑﺰﯾﺎن و ﺑﻪﺗﺒﻊ آن ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮ درآﻣﺪ ﺻﯿﺎدان و ﺳﺎﺣﻞﻧﺸﯿﻨﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺗﻨﻬﺎ درآﻣﺪ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، ازاﯾﻦرو ﻟﺰوم ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪﮔﺬاري و اﺷﺘﻐﺎل، ﺑﯿﺶ از ﭘﯿﺶ ﻧﻤﻮد ﭘﯿﺪا ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ 4 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ از ﻧﺮمﺗﻨﺎن دو ﮐﻔﻪاي ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﺎارزش Pinctada margaritifera, Pinctada radiata, Pteria penguin, Pteria( )marmorata و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ زﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي آﻧﻬﺎ در ﺧﻠﯿﺞﻓﺎرس، ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻻزم )درﺟﻪ ﺣﺮارت، ﺷﻮري، ﺟﻨﺲ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ، ﻋﻤﻖ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﮔﻞوﻻي، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن آب، ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪات اوﻟﯿﻪ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدات ﻣﺰاﺣﻢ و ﺷﮑﺎرﭼﯿﺎن( ﺑﺮاي اﻣﺮ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه و در اﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداريﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎمﺷﺪه، ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ دو ﺑﺮﮐﻪ در ﻧﺰدﯾﮑﯽ ﺑﻨﺪر ﻣﻘﺎم ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺮاي اﺣﺪاث ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﭘﺮورش و اﺳﺘﺤﺼﺎل ﻣﺮوارﯾﺪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ

Undoubtedly, molluscs are one of the most valuable branches. In addition to the important role in aquatic ecosystems, it has many uses for humans, one of the most important of these uses is the ability to produce pearls. Due to the existence of valuable pearl species in the Persian Gulf and considering the proper hydrobiological conditions for this gulf to breed pearls, the need to pay attention to pearl breeding , it seems very necessary to bring potential in this area. Especially in recent years there is a tendency to catch fish, we are seeing a significant decline in the income of the fishermen as their only income. Therefore, the need to introduce new investment opportunities and employment more than ever. In this paper, introducing four species of valuable native pearl oysters(Pinctada margaritifera, P.radiata, Pteria penguin, P.marmorata) an‎d their habitats in the Persian Gulf, cited to the required conditions (temperature, salinity, type of bottom, depth, turbidity, Flow rate, initial production and abundance of pests and predators) to pay attention to the selection of suitable places and finally, according to studies and done sampling, Doberkeh area near the Mogham port as the most suitable region introduced for the construction of a pearl breeding farm.