عنوان مقاله :
برخي خصوصيات اكولوژيكي چمنزارهاي دريايي
عنوان به زبان ديگر :
Some ecological aspects of seagrass ecosystems
پديد آورندگان :
نوري نژاد، محسن سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج كشاورزي بوشهر - موسسه تحقيقات علوم شيلاتي كشور - پژوهشكده ميگوي كشور , پور بهي، محبوبه اداره كل حفاظت محيطزيست استان بوشهر , اميدي، سهيلا سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج كشاورزي بوشهر - موسسه تحقيقات علوم شيلاتي كشور - پژوهشكده ميگوي كشور
كليدواژه :
چمنزارهاي دريايي , خصوصيات اكولوژي , خليج فارس , زيستگاه‌هاي ساحلي , مشكلات زيست محيطي
چكيده فارسي :
ر ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﮔﺮﻣﺴﯿﺮي و ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺴﯿﺮي، ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﮔﻞدار ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده زوﺳﺘﺮآﺳﻪآ، ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﻏﺬا و اﯾﺠﺎد ﭘﻨﺎﻫﮕﺎه ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص در دوران ﻻروي ﺗﺎ ﺟﻮاﻧﯽ آﺑﺰﯾﺎن دارﻧﺪ. اﻣﺮوزه ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ﻧﺎﻣﻮزون ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ، ﺗﺪاوم ﻧﻘﺶ ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽ اﯾﻦ زﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎ را ﻣﺨﺘﻞ ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ در دو دﻫﻪ اﺧﯿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر دﺳﺖﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ روﻧﺪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ، ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ و اﺣﯿﺎء زﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﺎﺣﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه ﭼﻤﻨﺰارﻫﺎ از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ وﯾﮋهاي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺷﻮاﻫﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﮔﻮﯾﺎي آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭼﻤﻨﺰارﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﺣﻠﯽ در ﺧﻠﯿﺞﻓﺎرس ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﺘﺄﺛﺮ از اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﯽروﯾﮥ ﻓﺎﺿﻼبﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺎورزي، ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ و ﺷﻬﺮي، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز، ﺗﺮدد ﺷﻨﺎورﻫﺎ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎدة زﯾﺎد از اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺮب ﺻﯿﺎدي ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ در ﺑﺮوز ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﻣﺸﮑﻼت زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﺧﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ، ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻐﺬي، ﺷﮑﻮﻓﺎﯾﯽﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺘﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮنﻫﺎ و ژﻟﻪ ﻓﯿﺶﻫﺎ، ﻣﺮگوﻣﯿﺮ آﺑﺰﯾﺎن و ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﯿﺰان ﺻﯿﺪ آﺑﺰﯾﺎن اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺆﺛﺮي داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Seagrasses are marine flowering plants that form an important coastal habitat. They provide breeding and nursery grounds for a wide variety of marine organisms, produce food for marine grazer species, stabilise the soft bottom, mitigate wave action and filter chemical pollutants for sensitive areas such as coral reefs.
Evidence suggests that grassland grasslands in the Persian Gulf are also affected by an increase in wastewater from agriculture, industry and urban wastewater, the development of oil and gas industries, the flow of vessels and the use of large-scale destructive fishing tools that can lead to many problems. The recent environmental impacts of the region, including nutrient uptake, phytoplankton blooms and jellyfish, aquatic animal mortality and fluctuations in fishing aquaculture, have a significant impact.
In recent decades many seagrass beds are under increasing pressure due to anthropogenic disturbances such as coastal development, over fishing and aquaculture industry. On the basis of vital rolls of the seagrass region on the other coastal ecosystems some ecological aspects of available literature were reviewed in Persian Gulf and other regions of the world.
عنوان نشريه :
بوم شناسي منابع آبي
