اخبار جعلي سيف بن عمر در مطالعات شيعه شناسي غربي ها

Sayf ibn Umar's Fake Reports in Westerners' Shiite Studies

منبع شناسي تاريخ اسلام و تشيع يكي از موضوعات مورد توجه مستشرقان است. با اين حال برخي از مستشرقان با بي توجهي به اين كار، با استناد و بزرگ نمايي گزارش هاي دروغ پردازاني چون سيف بن عمر، تصويري ساختگي و غير واقعي از تشيع ارايه كرده اند. سوال اصلي پژوهش اين است كه گزارش هاي سيف بن عمر تميمي در شيعه شناسي غربي ها چه جايگاهي دارد؟ در اين نوشتار برخي از تحقيقات مسشترقان و ارجاعات آنها به سيف بن عمر استخراج و مورد ارزيابي قرار گرفته و نشان داده شد كه اين تحقيقات در استفاده از گزارش هاي سيف و بررسي عوامل اثرگذار در جهت گيري هاي تاريخي او دچار تعارض هستند. مستشرقان در استفاده از اخبار سيف يكسان عمل نكرده اند. آنها گاهي دچارترديد، انكار و گاه تاييد اخبار سيف شده اند. با اين حال اغلب آنها گزارش هاي سيف درباره پيدايش تشيع را معتبر دانسته و بر اين اساس تشيع را عامل تفرقه و فتنه امت اسلامي دانسته و آن را نتيجه دگرانديشي ديني و متاثر از عوامل محيطي و فرهنگي عراق معرفي كرده اند.

Investigating the sources of the history of Islam is among the interesting topics by the orientalists. However, some of them have ignore this and refer to and exaggerate some fake reports from falsifiers such as Sayf ibn Umar and try to portray a fake and unreal illustration from the Shiite. The main research question here is that what position do Sayf ibn Umar's reports have taken in the westerners' Shiite studies? This writing has investigated and evaluated some orientalists' research and their citations to Sayf ibn Umar reports. It is proven that these research are in contradiction with each other in using Sayf ibn Umar's reports and the influential factors on his historical directions. Thus, orientalists have not acted the same in citing Sayf ibn Umar's reports. They have been doubtful some times and have denied these reports in whiles or have approved them on some occasions. However, they have deemed valid Sayf ibn Umar's reports on the advent of Shiite and accordingly have believed that Shiite ideology has been the cause of division and sedition in the Islamic community. Likewise, they have introduced it as the result of religious change of thought which is affected by the environmental and cultural factors of Iraq.