نسبت وحي و رؤيا در آيات و روايات

Relationship between Revelation and Dream in Verses and Hadiths

مسئله فهم ماهيت وحي بر اساس رؤيا و نسبت‌هايي كه بين رؤيا و وحي در متون ديني ذكر شده و قابليت استنباط از آن ها، هدف پژوهشي اين مقاله است. روش بررسي اين موضوع، تفسيري ـ تحليلي است كه بر اساس ظواهر متون ديني در باب نسبت وحي و رؤيا و سخنان مفسران در اين باب، از امكان يا عدم امكان بهره‌بردن از رؤياشناسي براي وحي‌شناسي مي‌‌پرسد. دريافته‌هاي اين تحقيق به گونه‌شناسي انواعي از تشابه و نسبت بين وحي و رؤيا مانند؛ تضعيف حواس ظاهري، تعبير پذيري بعضي از رؤياهاي صادقه و وحي و انزال وحي در رويا رسيديم. همچنين روياي صادقه در متون ديني بخشي از نبوت تلقي شده است. بر اين اساس، رؤياشناسي ميتواند به وحيشناسي كمك كند، و از اين شيوه بايد بهره برد، اما در نظريه رويا انگاري وحي مغالطات نظير مغالطه «كنه و وجه»، «بزرگ نمايي»، «كوچك نمايي»، «تمثيل» و... شكل مي‌گيرد.

The purpose of this article is to understand the nature of revelation on the basis of the relationships between dream and revelation as found in the religious texts and the ability to deduce from them. The method of studying this issue is interpretive-analytical, which, based on the appearances of religious texts on the relationship between revelation and dream and the sayings of commentators in this regard, seeks to find the possibility or impossibility of using dreaming for attaining knowledge of revelation. By the findings of this study some typological similarity and relationship between revelation and dream have been found as weakness of the external senses, the interpretability of some true dreams and revelation, and the revelation`s being sent in a dream. True dreaming is also considered a part of prophecy in religious texts. Accordingly, dreaming can help to attain some knowledge of revelation, and this method should be used, but in revelational attitude of dreams of fallacies such as the fallacy of "essence and quality", "magnification", "minimization", "allegory" may be formed.