ارزيابي باليني تاثير عصاره هيدروالكلي گياه علف چاي (Hypericum perforatum) در بهبودي ضايعات دهانيِ بيماري تب برفكي در گاو

Clinical evaluation of the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Hypericum perforatum on the healing of oral lesions of Foot and mouth disease in cattle

ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮي ﻃﺎول و زﺧﻢﻫﺎي ﺷﺪﯾﺪ در ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ دﻫﺎﻧﯽ ﮔﺎوﻫﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺐ ﺑﺮﻓﮑﯽ و ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﻧﺒﻮدن روشﻫـﺎي درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻮﺟـﻮد، ﻣﻌﻤـﻮﻻً ﺧﺴﺎرات زﯾﺎدي را ﺑﻪ ﮔﻠﻪﻫﺎي درﮔﯿﺮ وارد ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﯿﺎه ﻋﻠﻒ ﭼﺎي ﯾـﺎ ﮔـﻞ راﻋـﯽ )Hypericum perforatum و ﻣـﺎده ﻣـﻮﺛﺮه ﻫﺎﯾﭙﺮﯾﺴﯿﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در آن، در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺳﺮﮐﻮﺑﮕﺮ ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ وﯾﺮوس ﺗﺐ ﺑﺮﻓﮑﯽ ﻣﻄﺮح ﺷﺪه و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣـﻮﺛﺮي در ﺑﻬﺒﻮد اﻧﻮاع زﺧﻢﻫﺎ داﺷﺘﻪاﺳﺖ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات درﻣﺎﻧﯽِ ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺑﺮ ﺿﺎﯾﻌﺎت دﻫـﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﺎﺷـﯽ از ﺑﯿﻤـﺎري ﺗﺐﺑﺮﻓﮑﯽ در ﮔﺎوﻫﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻼ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، ﺗﻌﺪاد 72 رأس ﮔﺎو ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻣﺬﮐﻮر )36 رأس در ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 12 ﺗﺎﯾﯽ و 36 رأس در ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ 12 ﺗﺎﺋﯽ(، در ﺳﻪ ﮐﺎﻧﻮن درﮔﯿﺮي در اﺳﺘﺎن آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎنﻏﺮﺑﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺳﺮوﺗﯿﭗ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺜﺒﯿﺖ ﮐﻤﭙﻠﻤﺎن، ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از درﮔﯿﺮي دامﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮوﺗﯿﭗ O وﯾﺮوس ﺗﺐ ﺑﺮﻓﮑﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﮔﻞ راﻋﯽ ﺑﻪ روش ﺧﯿﺴﺎﻧﺪن ﻋﺼﺎرهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه، ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي 0/5 ،0/25 و 5 درﺻﺪ از ﻋﺼﺎره ﻫﯿﺪرواﻟﮑﻠﯽ آن ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷﺪ. در ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﻫﺪ از ﺳﺮم ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژي و در ﮔﺮوهﻫـﺎي ﺗﯿﻤـﺎر از ﻋﺼﺎره ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﭙﺮي دﻫﺎﻧﯽ )روزي دو ﺑﺎر ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 4 روز( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. دام ﻫـﺎي ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﺷـﺪه ﺑـﺎ ﻋﺼـﺎره 5 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮدي ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮي در ﺿﺎﯾﻌﺎت دﻫﺎﻧﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ و ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻢ ﺿﺎﯾﻌﺎت در دوره درﻣﺎن اﺧـﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨـﯽ داري ﺑـﺎ ﮔـﺮوه ﺷـﺎﻫﺪ داﺷـﺖ )0/05

Formation of excessive blisters and sores on the mouth of affected cattle with Foot-and-Mouth disease and the insufficiency of existing therapeutic methods, leads to extensive damages to the affected herds. The extract of Hypericum perforatum and its active ingredient, Hypericin, have inhibitory effects on the adsorption ability of Foot-and-Mouth virus to host cells in vitro. The medicinal plant also has an effective role in healing various kinds of wounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of H. perforatum extract on the healing of FMD oral lesions in affected cattle. In this study, 72 affected cattle (36 heads in 3 treatment groups of 12 and 36 heads in 3 control groups of 12) from 3 conflict centers in West-Azarbaijan province were selected. Determination of serotype by complement fixation method indicated that the studied animals were infected with serotype O of FMD. Dry aerial parts of H. perforatum were extracted with maceration method and 0.25, 0.5 and 5% concentrations of hydroalcoholic extract were prepared. In control groups, normal saline solution and in treatment groups, the extract with the mentioned concentrations was used as an oral spray (twice a day for 4 days). Cattle treated with 5% extract had a significant improvement in oral lesions and lesion repair during the treatment period was significantly different from the control groups (p<0.05). The results showed that spraying 5% concentration of H. perforatum extract had significant healing effects on oral lesions caused by FMD.