ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت وﯾﮋه ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺧﻮن ﺑﺮﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن رﺷﺪ، ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر رﺷﺪ ﺷﺒﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ-1 و ﻧﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ اﮐﺴﺎﯾﺪ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎﯾﯽ درﺳﻨﮓ ﻧﻮردان ﻧﺨﺒﻪ ورزﺷﯽ

The Effect of Special Training with Blood Flow Restriction on Serum Basal Levels of Growth Hormone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1, and Nitric Oxide Levels in Elite Rock Climbers

ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﺧﯿﺮا ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺧﻮن )BFR( ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ اﺛﺮات آﻧﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﮑﯽ ﻣﺤﺒﻮﺑﯿﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن و ﭘﺰﺷﮑﺎن، ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﺗﺮاﭘﯿﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ و ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ورزﺷﯽ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮﻧﻬﺎ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ BFR اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ BFR و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺳﻨﮓ ﻧﻮردي ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮﻧﯽ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن رﺷﺪ و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر رﺷﺪ ﺷﺒﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻨﯽ –I و ﻧﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ اﮐﺴﺎﯾﺪ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎﯾﯽ ﺳﻨﮓ ﻧﻮردان ﻧﺨﺒﻪ ﻣﯽ ﭘﺮدازد. ﻣﻮاد و روﺷﻬﺎ: در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶ آزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن 20ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺳﻨﮕﻨﻮردان )8/69kg ± 61/55 :وزن 8/05 ± 15/29:درﺻﺪﭼﺮﺑﯽ و 2/6 ± 26/6:ﺳﻦ( ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ )ﻫﺮ ﮐﺪام 5ﻣﺮد+5 زن( ﺑﺎ BFR و ﺑﺪون BFRﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ 4 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ و ﻫﺮ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ 3 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻨﮕﻨﻮردي ﺑﻮد. ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺮ ﻋﺮوق ﺣﺪود 40 اﻟﯽ 100ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺘﺮﺟﯿﻮه ﺑﻮد. ﺧﻮﻧﮕﯿﺮي در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ از دوره ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن رﺷﺪ و ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن IGF-I و ﻧﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ اﮐﺴﺎﯾﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻗﺪرت ﭘﻨﺠﻪ دﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ از دوره ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻨﺠﯿﺪه ﺷﺪ. داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن t در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري p<0/05ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻨﮕﻨﻮردي ﺳﻄﻮح ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن رﺷﺪ و ﻧﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ اﮐﺴﺎﯾﺪ در ﮔﺮوه BFR اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري )p<0/05( ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ اﻣﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن IGF-I اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﻣﯿﺰان ﻗﺪرت ﭘﻨﺠﻪ دﺳﺖ در ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري )p<0/05( ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ رﺳﺪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻨﮕﻨﻮردي ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺧﻮن ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي آﻧﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﮑﯽ، ﻗﺪرت ﻋﻀﻼت و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد.

Background Purpose: Recently, the technique of restricting blood flow (BFR) has become more popular among researchers, physicians, physiotherapists, and coaches due to its anabolism effects. Given the importance of adaptive response of hormones and vascular function to exercise with BFR, this study examines the effect of BFR composition and rock climbing activity on the hormonal response of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor1 and plasma nitric oxide of elite rock climbers. Methodology: In this quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design, 20 climbers (weight: 61.55±8.69, fat percentage: 15.29±8.05 and age: 26.6±2.6) randomly divided into two training groups (5 men + 5 women each) with limited blood flow and no blood flow restriction. The training protocol was 4 weeks and 3 sessions of climbing training per week. Blood pressure was about 40 to 100 mm Hg. Blood sampling was performed at baseline at rest before and after exercise to determine growth hormone, IGF-I and nitric oxide levels. Also, the strength of the dominant hand grips was measured before and after the training period. Data were evaluated by using t-test. Results: After climbing training, growth hormone and nitric oxide levels were significantly increased in the BFR group (p <0.05), but the amount of IGF-I was increased no significantly. The strength of the dominant hand grips increased significantly in both groups. Conclusion: Climbing training with blood flow restriction improve anabolic processes, muscle strength, and vascular function.