اثرات تمرين تناوبي شديد و مصرف كوركومين بر ظرفيت تام ضداكسايشي و مقدار GRP78 و كاسپاز 3 هيپوكامپ موشهاي صحرائي نر تحت مواجهه با آرسنيك

Effects of High Intensity Interval Training and Curcumin Supplementation on Hippocampal Total Antioxidant Capacity, GRP78 and Caspase 3 Level in Male Rats Exposed to Arsenic

ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﻃﻼﻋﺎت زﯾﺎدي در ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﻮام ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻮرﮐﻮﻣﯿﻦ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ آرﺳﻨﯿﮏ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻐﺰ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺷﺶ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ ﺷﺪﯾﺪ و ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻮرﮐﻮﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺗﺎم ﺿﺪاﮐﺴﺎﯾﺸﯽ، GRP78 و ﮐﺎﺳﭙﺎز3 ﻫﯿﭙﻮﮐﺎﻣﭗ ﻣﻮﺷﻬﺎي ﺻﺤﺮاﺋﯽ در ﻣﻌﺮض آرﺳﻨﯿﮏ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روﺷﻬﺎ: ﺗﻌﺪاد 48 ﺳﺮ رت ﻧﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺶ ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ، ﮐﻮرﮐﻮﻣﯿﻦ، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻮرﮐﻮﻣﯿﻦ، آرﺳﻨﯿﮏ، ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﺗﺎﻧﻮل و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل آب ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. آرﺳﻨﯿﮏ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ﺷﺶ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ روزاﻧﻪ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ آب آﺷﺎﻣﯿﺪﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ دوز 5 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﻪ از اي ﻫﺮ ﮐ ﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم وزن ﺑﺪن و ﮐﻮرﮐﻮﻣﯿﻦ روزاﻧﻪ 15 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم وزن ﺑﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ورزشي با شدت بالا به مدت شش هفته (5 روز در هفته) شامل 60 دقيقه دويدن تناوبي(4 دقيقه دويدن با شدت 90-85 درصد VO2max و 2 دقيقه ريكاوري فعال با شدت 60 – 50 درصد) انجام شد. يافته‌ها: مواجهه با آرسنيك از طريق آب آشاميدني سبب افزايش ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﻣﻘﺪار ﮐﺎﺳﭙﺎز 3 )001/ 0=P( و P=0/001) GRP78( و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻏ ﯿﺮﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﻇﺮﻓ ﯿﺖ ﺗﺎم ﺿﺪاﮐﺴﺎﯾﺸﯽ )0/95=P( ﻫﯿﭙﻮﮐﺎﻣﭗ ﺷﺪ. اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰ اﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﮐﺎﺳﭙﺎز 3 ﻫﯿﭙﻮﮐﺎﻣﭗ ﺷﺪ )0/001=P( ، وﻟﯽ ﻓﻘﻂ ﮐﻮرﮐﻮﻣﯿﻦ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﺟﺒﺮان ﺗﻐ ﯿﯿﺮات ﮐﺎﺳﭙﺎز 3 )0/001= P( و ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺗﺎم ﺿﺪاﮐﺴﺎﯾﺸﯽ )001/ 0=P( ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از آرﺳﻨﯿﮏ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ آرﺳﻨﯿﮏ ﻫﯿﭙﻮﮐﺎﻣﭗ ﻣﻐﺰ را در ﻣﻌﺮض اﺳﺘﺮس اﮐﺴﺎﯾﺸﯽ و آﭘﻮﭘﺘﻮز ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ و ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد آﺛﺎر ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺘﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﮐﻮرﮐﻮﻣﯿﻦ، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ ﺷﺪﯾﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﺟﺒﺮان آﺛﺎر ﺳﻮء آرﺳﻨﯿﮏ در ﻣﻐﺰ را ﻧﺪارد.

Background and Purpose: There is a little information about the synergic effects of exercise training and curcumin supplementations on arsenic exposure in the brain. We investigated the effects of six weeks of aerobic training and curcumin supplementation on hippocampal caspase 3, total antioxidant capacity and GRP78 level in rats exposed to arsenic. Methodology: Eighty five male rats were randomized in six groups including training, curcumin, training+curcumin, arsenic, ethanol control and normal control. Arsenic and curcumin were administered orally for entire the study period. HIIT were conducted for six weeks (5 d/w, 60 min/session (with 4 min running at 85-90% of Vo2max and 2 min recovery at 50-60% of Vo2max intervals). Results: Exposure to arsenic through drinking water caused a significant increase in the amount of caspase 3 (P=0.001) and GRP78 (P=0.001) and a non-significant decrease in the total antioxidant capacity level (P=0.95) of the hippocampus. HIIT also significantly elevated hippocampal caspase 3 level (P=0.001), however only curcumin supplementation could attenuate caspase 3 (P=0.001) and TAC alterations (P=0.001) induced by arsenic exposure. Conclusion: Arsenic exposure renders the hippocampus to oxidative stress and risk of apoptosis. In spite of a remarkable protective effects by curcumin supplementation, HIIT fails to overcome arsenic toxicity in the brain.