روش فكري و استنباطي مكتب تفكيك در مقايسه با اخباري‌گري

The Method of Thinking and Inferring of Separation School in Comparison with Traditionalism

مكتب تفكيك، مكتب نوظهوري است. برخي آن را نه مكتبي جديد، بلكه ادامه همان «مكتب معارفي خراسان» يا «مكتب معارف اهل بيت (ع)» مي دانند كه آغاز آن به عصر ميرزا مهدي غروي اصفهاني برمي گردد. شالوده فكري اين مكتب، معرفي قرآن و سنت به عنوان تنها منابع شناخت است. مخالفان، آن را نواخباريگري مي دانند، زيرا تاكيد اين مكتب بر استناد به ظواهر قرآن و سنت به عنوان تنها منابع شناخت، رواج ظاهرگرايي در اين مكتب را به ذهن مي آورد. دو نقطه افتراق مهم بين اين دو وجود دارد؛ يكي آنكه مكتب تفكيك برخلاف اخباريگري براي عقل در مراتبي اعتبار قايل است. ديگر آنكه بر خلاف اخباريگري اجتهاد و علم اصول را رد نمي كند، هرچند نتيجه آراي آن تحديد و تضعيف علم اصول باشد. با وجود اين نقطه اشتراك انكارناپذير آن دو مكتب نص گرايي و تاكيد بر استناد به ظواهر آيات و روايات است.

The school of separation is a new school. It is considered by some scholars to be the continuation of “Learning School of Khorasan” or “Learning school of Ahl-ul-Bayt (AS)”, which began at the time of Mirza Mahdi Gharavi Isfahani, but not a new school. It is based on the idea of introducing the Holy Quran and the Sunnah as the only sources of knowledge. The school of separation is considered by the opponents as the new variation of traditionalism, because its emphasis on citation to the appearance of the Holy Quran and the Sunnah as the only sources of knowledge reminds of the promotion of externalism. There are two basic differences between two schools of separation and traditionalism. First, the separation school, contrary to traditionalism, accepts the function of wisdom in some stages. Second, it does not deny ijtihad and principles of Islamic jurisprudence (Osul) as traditionalism does, even if they result in the limitation and weakening of the principles of Islamic jurisprudence. However, the most common undeniable characteristic of these two schools is textualism and their emphasis on the citation to the appearance of the verses of the Holy Qurans and Islamic traditions.