پديد آورندگان :
احمدي، حميدرضا دانشگاه مراغه - دانشكده فني و مهندسي - گروه مهندسي عمران , فهيمي فرزام، مازيار دانشگاه مراغه - دانشكده فني و مهندسي - گروه مهندسي عمران , قربان نژاد، ياسر دانشگاه مراغه - دانشكده فني و مهندسي - گروه مهندسي عمران
كليدواژه :
عرشه بتني , بارهاي انفجار , پل هاي منظم , تحليل اجزاء محدود و سطح عملكرد
چكيده فارسي :
ﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺗﺮورﻳﺴﺘﻲ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻬﺎن رو ﺑﻪ ﻓﺰوﻧﻲ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در اﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﭘﻞﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺮﻳﺎنﻫــﺎي ﺣﻴــﺎﺗﻲ از ﺳــﺎزهﻫــﺎي در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺗﺮورﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﻲآﻳﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ آنﻫﺎ ﻻزﻣﺴﺖ راﻫﻜﺎرﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ آﺳــﻴﺐ- ﭘﺬﻳﺮي ﭘﻞﻫﺎ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي اﻧﻔﺠﺎري اراﺋﻪ ﺷﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮدﮔﻲ ﻋﺮﺷــﻪﻫــﺎي دوﻋﻨﺼــﺮي در اﻳــﺮان و ﺟﻬــﺎن، در اﻳــﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻋﺮﺷﻪ دوﻋﻨﺼﺮي ﭘﻞﻫﺎي ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ در ﭘﻼن در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي اﻧﻔﺠﺎر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑــﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈــﻮر ﭘــﻞ ﺷــﻬﻴﺪ ﺻﻨﻴﻊﺧﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﺎزه ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار اﺟﺰاء ﻣﺤﺪود آﺑﺎﻛﻮس ﻣﺪلﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي اﻧﻔﺠﺎري ﺑــﻪ آن اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻨﻔﺠﺮه در وزنﻫﺎي 45/4، 100 و 150 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم و در ﻓﻮاﺻــﻞ 0/5، 1/2، 1/83، 2/54 و 3/81 ﻣﺘــﺮي از ﺳﻄﺢ ﻋﺮﺷﻪ دال ﻣﻨﻔﺠﺮ ﺷﺪه و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻋﺮﺷﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳــﺖ. ﺳــﭙﺲ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﻨﻈــﻮر ﺑﻬﺒــﻮد ﻋﻤﻠﻜــﺮد ﻋﺮﺷــﻪ در ﺑﺮاﺑــﺮ ﺑﺎرﻫــﺎي اﻧﻔﺠﺎري ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﺪﻳﺪي ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ در ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ، ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻋﺮﺷﻪ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ اﻧﻔﺠﺎر ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳــﺎس ﻧﺘــﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻣﻘﺪار اﻳﻤﻦ و ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ اﻳﻤﻦ ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻨﻔﺠﺮه ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺷﻪ ﭘﻞ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸــﺎن داد ﻛــﻪ اﻓــﺰاﻳﺶ وزن ﻣﺎده ﻣﻨﻔﺠﺮه ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻣﻜﺎن اﻳﺠﺎد ﺷﺪه در ﻋﺮﺷﻪ ﭘــﻞ ﺷــﺪه و ﮔﺴــﺘﺮش ﺧﺮاﺑــﻲ را ﺑــﻪ دﻧﺒــﺎل ﺧﻮاﻫــﺪ داﺷــﺖ. ﻫﻢﭼﻨﻴﻦ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﺎده ﻣﻨﻔﺠﺮه از ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﻞ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﺮاﺑﻲ در آن ﻣﻲﺷﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﻛــﺎرﺑﺮد ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﺳــﺎزه اﺻــﻼح ﺷــﺪه،آﺳﻴﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮي ﻋﺮﺷﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي اﻧﻔﺠﺎري ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪت ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ﺑﺎاﻳﻦوﺟﻮد و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﺳــﻬﻮﻟﺖ اﺟــﺮا و ﻋــﺪم ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻪ در ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده و ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ، ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در اﺟﺮاي ﻋﺮﺷﻪ ﭘﻞﻫﺎ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد.
چكيده لاتين :
Given that terrorist operations have increased in recent decades, it is therefore necessary to confront the dangers of this phenomenon. The explosions can cause severe damage to buildings and cause the progressive and complete destruction of these structures. Blast stresses are one of the most destructive loads which a structure may experience. Many of the existing structures are vulnerable to loads caused by the blast wave, so their resistance to such loads should be investigated to identify critical points of structures. In the meantime, bridges are considered as the vital available structures for terrorist operations, but with respect to their importance, solutions must be provided to reduce the vulnerability of bridges subjected to explosive loads. This paper investigates the behavior of bridge under blast loads in different weights and distances. Several experiments samples have been modeled and analyzed under blast loads for validating the results at finite element ABAQUS software, and the analyses showed that this software is able to predict the behavior of studied systems under blast loads. In this case, a bridge that has been located in Tehran, Shahid Saniechr('39') Khani bridge, was chosen and investigated by utilizing ABAQUS. This bridge was subjected to blast loading substance, TNT, in different weights of 45.4, 100, and 150 kg and in different distances of 0.5, 1.2, 1.83, 2.54, and 3.83 meters from the center area of the bridge’s slab. Additionally, a new system U-boot named was added to the initial model for investigating its influences under blast loading. To conclude, firstly, increasing the amount of exploding substance (in a fixed distance from the center of the slab) cause an increase in the slab displacement and subsequently the damage in the slab is being increased. Secondly, increasing the exploding substance from the center of the slab and assuming a fixed weight for it in both first and second cases showed that increase in the amount of distance could lead to decreasing the displacement in slab and subsequently the damages decreases. Finally, adding the U-boot system leads to incredible improvement in the whole model in comparison with the initial one.
