بررﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات ﺳﯿﻨﺮژﯾﺴﺘﯽ اﺳﯿﺪ آﻟﯽ ﺳﻮرﺑﺎت ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ و ﭘﺮوﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏ )Lactobacillus casei( ﺑﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ آﻧﺰﯾﻢﻫﺎي ﮔﻮارﺷﯽ، ﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژي روده و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺑﯿﻤﺎريزاي Yersinia rucker، در ﺑﭽﻪﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺰلآﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)

Study of synergistic Effects of potassium- sorbate and Lactobacillus casei on The activity of digestive enzymes, intestinal Histomorphology and resistance against pathogenic bacteria (Yersinia ruckeri) in rainbow trout fry (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

اﻣﺮوزه در آﺑﺰيﭘﺮوري ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از اﺛﺮات ﻣﻨﻔﯽ آﻧﺘﯽﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﭘﺮوﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏﻫﺎ، ﭘﺮﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏﻫﺎ، اﺳﯿﺪﻫﺎيآﻟﯽ ﻣﻄﺮح ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژي آﺑﺰﯾﺎن داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات ﺳﯿﻨﺮژﯾﺴﺘﯽ اﺳﯿﺪ آﻟﯽ ﺳﻮرﺑﺎت ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ و ﭘﺮوﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏ ﻻﮐﺘﻮﺑﺎﺳﯿﻠﻮس ﮐﺎزﺋﯽ)Lactobacillus casei( در ﺑﭽﻪﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺰلآﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن )O. mykiss( اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﺪاد 360 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺑﭽﻪﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺰلآﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن ﺑﺎ وزن اوﻟﯿﻪ 2/75±0/05 ﮔﺮم در 6 ﺗﯿﻤﺎر و ﻫﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺎ 3 ﺗﮑﺮار ﺷﺎﻣﻞ: ﺟﯿﺮه ﺗﺠﺎري )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 1 ،ﺷﺎﻫﺪ(، ﺟﯿﺮه ﺣﺎوي CFU/g 107 ﭘﺮوﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏ L. casei )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر2(، ﺟﯿﺮه ﺣﺎوي 0/5 درﺻﺪ ﺳﻮرﺑﺎت ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر3(، ﺟﯿﺮه ﺣﺎوي 1درﺻﺪ ﺳﻮرﺑﺎت ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر4(، ﺟﯿﺮه ﺣﺎوي ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ 0/5 درﺻﺪ ﺳﻮرﺑﺎت ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ و CFU/g 107 ﭘﺮوﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏ L. casei )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر5( و ﺟﯿﺮه ﺣﺎوي ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ 1 درﺻﺪ ﺳﻮرﺑﺎت ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ و CFU/g 107 ﭘﺮوﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏ L. casei )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر6( ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻏﺬادﻫﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ و دوره آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺣﺪود 60 روز ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮل اﻧﺠﺎﻣﯿﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداري از ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ آﻧﺰﯾﻢﻫﺎي ﮔﻮارﺷﯽ، ﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژي روده و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﭽﻪﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺑﯿﻤﺎريزاي )Yersinia ruckeri( در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن دوره آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان آﻧﺰﯾﻢ آﻟﮑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﺎز و آﻧﺰﯾﻢ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﺎز در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 5 و ﮐﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان آن درﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ و ﺑﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ دو اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژي روده ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻃﻮل ﭘﺮز و ﻗﻄﺮ آن در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 5 و 6 و ﮐﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ آن در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ و ﺑﯿﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﻮد، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ آزﻣﻮن ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺑﯿﻤﺎريزاي Y. ruckeri در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن دوره ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺮگ و ﻣﯿﺮ در ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و ﮐﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ آن در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 5 و 6 ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﻮد. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺑﻪﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﭘﺮوﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏ و اﺳﯿﺪآﻟﯽ در ﺟﯿﺮه ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮان ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮔﺮدد.

Today in aquaculture to prevent negative effects of antibiotics The use of alternative, such as probiotics, prebiotics, organic acids, That can have positive effects on fish physiology activities. This study in order to done the synergistic effects of organic acid (potassium sorbate) and probiotic (Lactobacillus casei) in rainbow trout fry (Oncorhynchus mykiss). For this purpose of 360 pieces of rainbow trout with an initial weight (2.45±0.05), at 6 treatments with 3 replication include: Commercial diet (control), diet 107 CFU/g probiotic (Lactobacillus casei) (treatment 1), a diet containing 0.5% of potassium sorbate (treatment 2), a diet containing 1% potassium sorbate (treatment 3), The composition of the diet with %0/5 of potassium sorbate and 107 CFU/g probiotic (L. casei) (treatment 4) and the composition of the diet containing %1 potassium sorbate and 107 CFU/g probiotic (L. casei) (treatment 5) was carried out. Feeding in two stages and trial period of 60 days. Sampling of fish To search Digestive enzymes, intestinal Histomorphology and juveniles resistance against pathogenic bacteria (Yersinia ruckeri), was conducted At the end of the experiment. The results showed, The activity of digestive enzymes was significant in the different treatments (P<0.05). Also Survey intestinal Histomorphology showed no significant difference In different treatments (P>0.05). Results of the test resistance to pathogenic bacteria (Y. Ruckeri) showed That mortality rate during the 14 days was significant among treatments (P<0.05). In total, according to the results of this study, suggested Add, combine %0/5 potassium sorbate and 107 CFU / g probiotic (L. casei) in diets for rainbow trout.