ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﻧﻘﺮه ﺑﺮ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﭼﺸﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﺎسﻣﺎﻫﯽ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897 ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﯽ اﺳﯿﺪﻫﺎي آﻣﯿﻨﻪ

Comparison of length frequrncy, distribution and abundance of cutlassfish (Trichiurus lepturus, Linnaeus 1758) in the habitats of this species in the Persian Gulf

ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﻧﻘﺮه ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي رﻓﺘﺎر ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﭼﺸﺎﯾﯽ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺟﺬاﺑﯿﺖ ﭼﺸﺎﯾﯽ، ﮐﺎرآﯾﯽ ﺻﯿﺪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻃﻌﻤﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺼﺮفﺷﺪه در ﺗﺎسﻣﺎﻫﯽ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ )A. persicus( ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﯽ اﺳﯿﺪﻫﺎي آﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﻮد. رﻓﺘﺎر ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ در ﻣﺎﻫﯽﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و ﻣﺎﻫﯽﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 21 روز در ﻣﻌﺮض ﺳﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 0/005 ،0/01 و 0/001 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﻧﻘﺮه ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ )ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮوه ﺑﺎ 7 ﻣﺎﻫﯽ و 3 ﺗﮑﺮار(. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﻠﺖﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺣﺎوي اﮐﺴﯿﺪ ﮐﺮوم 0/3 درﺻﺪ، آﮔﺎر 2 درﺻﺪ و اﺳﯿﺪ آﻣﯿﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ )ﺳﺮﯾﻦ، آرژﻧﯿﻦ، ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺌﯿﻦ، ﺗﯿﺮوزﯾﻦ، ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و آﺳﭙﺎرﺗﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ( رﻓﺘﺎر ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯽﻫﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي 0/01 و 0/005 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﻧﻘﺮه در ﻫﺮ ﺷﺶ آﻣﯿﻨﻮاﺳﯿﺪ و ﺣﺘﯽ در ﻋﺼﺎره ﺷﯿﺮوﻧﻮﻣﯿﺪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري را ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺟﺬاﺑﯿﺖ ﭼﺸﺎﯾﯽ اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ از ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﻧﻘﺮه در ﻫﻤﻪ آﻣﯿﻨﻮاﺳﯿﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار در ﻣﺼﺮف ﻃﻌﻤﻪﻫﺎ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﺻﯿﺪ ﻧﯿﺰ در ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ از ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﻧﻘﺮه در اﺳﯿﺪ آﻣﯿﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﺮﯾﻦ، آرژﻧﯿﻦ، ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺌﯿﻦ و ﺗﯿﺮوزﯾﻦ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺣﺘﯽ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 0/001 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﻧﻘﺮه ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ ﺑﺮ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺗﺎسﻣﺎﻫﯽ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﻗﺒﻞ از رﻫﺎﺳﺎزي ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎي ﺣﺎوي ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﻧﻘﺮه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﯿﻂﻫﺎي آﺑﯽ ﻣﻘﺪار آن در ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﯾﺎ در ﺣﺪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

This study was conducted to survey of distribution and abundance of cutlassfish (Trichiurus lepturus, Linnaeus 1758) as target species between the fishing grounds of Bushehr and Hormozgan provinces. Sampling operations were carried out during the summer season in Bushehr province and autumn season in Hormozgan province in 2013. The fishing operation was done using commercial trawler vessel with a length of 27 m, the width of 7.2 m during 73 times net hauling in the fishing seasons. The used net in this research was a mid-water trawl net with a polyethylene yarn and mesh size of 75 mm (stretched) in the codend. The highest length frequency of cutlassfish was observed in the length range of 84-92 cm and the least length frequency was in the length range of 28-36 cm. The biomass and mean CPUA in Bushehr were 17169.55 tons and 8624.42 ± 1076.58 (kg nm-2) and in Hormozgan were 7425.804 tons and 8105.74 ± 1529.87 (kg nm-2), respectively. Also based on depicted maps by GIS software and CPUA index, Most densities of trapped cutlassfish in Hormozgan fishing grounds were around Hengam and Greater Tomb islands, and in Bushehr (Motaf area), there was a horizontal distribution in the western waters of this province.