بررسي ملكولي و DNA باركدينگ ماهي زمين كن دم نواري (Platycephalus indicus) در سوحل خليج فارس

Molecular investigation and DNA Barcoding of Platycephalus indicus from the Persian Gulf

اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺑﺎرﮐﺪﯾﻨﮓDNA ﻣﯿﺘﻮﮐﻨﺪرﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻞ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ زﻣﯿﻦﮐﻦدمﻧﻮاري )Platycephalus indicus( و ارﺗﺒﺎط ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﺑﺎ دﯾﮕﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه از ﻧﻘﺎط ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ دﻧﯿﺎ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ در ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ از ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﻮﻣﯽ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺗﻨﻮعزﯾﺴﺘﯽ وﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ و ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري ﭘﺎﯾﺪار از اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداري از آبﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﺣﻠﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن ﺑﻪوﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﺻﯿﺪ ﻣﺸﺘﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج DNA ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﯿﺖ و از ﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﭘﺸﺘﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. رواﺑﻂ ﻓﯿﻠﻮژﻧﺘﯿﮏ )P. indicus( ﺑﻪوﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار ﻣﮕﺎ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺑﺎﻧﮏ ژن ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺧﻠﯿﺞ ﻓﺎرس در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻫﺮﻣﺰ در ﯾﮏ ﮐﻼﯾﺪ ﻣﻮﻧﻮﻓﯿﻠﯿﮏ و در ﮐﻼﺳﺘﺮ اول در ﮐﻨﺎر ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﯾﯽ از ﭼﯿﻦ و ﻋﺮﺑﺴﺘﺎن ﺳﻌﻮدي ﺧﻮد را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ.ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و دﯾﮕﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه از دﯾﮕﺮ ﻧﻘﺎط دﻧﯿﺎ را ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ 0/002 ﺗﺎ 0/095 ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﺮﺑﺴﺘﺎن ﺳﻌﻮدي و ﭼﯿﻦ از ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ ﺗﻤﯿﺰ داد ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺧﻮد ﻣﺆﯾﺪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻦ ژﻧﻮم در ﺑﺎرﮐﺪﯾﻨﮓ و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺮق ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. رﺳﻢ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻫﺎﭘﻠﻮﺗﺎﯾﭙﯽ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﻔﺮق ﻫﺎﭘﻠﻮﺗﺎﯾﭙﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺎﭘﻠﻮﺗﺎﯾﭗﻫﺎي دﯾﮕﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ دادهﻫﺎي ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻣﯽﺗﻮان اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺶ اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﺤﺖﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

This study aimed to use mitochondrial DNA barcoding method to undrestand better toxanomic status of the Platycephalus indus and find genetic linkage with other reported specimens from different parts of the world as well as to manage the optimal utilization of native species and sustainable conservation. Sampling was performed from coastal waters of Hormozgan province. DNA was extracted from the dorsal fin using DNeasy Tissue Kit. Phylogenetic relationships of Platycephalus indus using comparisons with those found in the NCBI Gene bank showed that samples obtained from the Persian Gulf showed a monophyletic clade along with samples from China and Saudi Arabia. In this study, it was found that the sample from the Persian Gulf and also other reported samples can be separated with the genetic distance between 0.002 to 0.095, which confirms the effective use of the COI genome in barcoding and genetic distance determination according to geographical dispersion as well as morphological characteristics. The haplotype network plot of the studied species also showed the haplotype distribution of the studied species compared to other haplotypes. Based on the obtained results, it can be assumed that the distribution of this species can be affected by the possible migration of this species.