مقايسه مورفومتريك درون گونه اي و بين گونه اي سه گونه ماهي از جنس Istiblennius (Whitely, 1943) در سواحل حوزه مكران

Inter and intra-specific morphometric comparison of three species belong to Istiblennius genus (Whitely, 1943) from Makran coastal basin

ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﺗﻨﻮع زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﭘﺮ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ دﻧﯿﺎي اﻣﺮوزه اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺤﺪودي ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﺑﺮ روي ﺗﻨﻮع- زﯾﺴﺘﯽ آب ﻫﺎي ﺧﻠﯿﺞ ﻓﺎرس و درﯾﺎي ﻣﮑﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﻏﻨﺎي ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ آن اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻣﺘﺮﯾﮏ ﺳﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ I.spilotus ،I.edentulus و I.pox از اﻋﻀﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Blenniidae و ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي آن ﻫﺎ در درﯾﺎي ﻣﮑﺮان ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺗﻌﺪاد 67 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ در ﻃﯽ ﺑﻬﺎر و ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن 1397 از ﺳﻪ اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﯿﺲ، ﻟﯿﭙﺎر و درﯾﺎﺑﺰرگ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮر دﺳﺘﯽ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد 34 ﺻﻔﺖ رﯾﺨﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﻮﻟﯿﺲ دﯾﺠﯿﺘﺎل اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري ﺗﮏ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه )GLM( و داﻧﮑﻦ در ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار آﻣﺎري SPSS ﺳﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ و ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي آن ﻫﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه، ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ )PCA( و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﯾﺰ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه )DFA( و آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اي )Cluster Analysis( ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ اﻗﻠﯿﺪﺳﯽ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻫﺎي رﯾﺨﺘﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي و درون ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي در ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار آﻣﺎري PAST اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه وﺟﻮد ﺷﺒﺎﻫﺖ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﯿﺎن دوﮔﻮﻧﻪ I.spilotus و I.pox ﺑﻮد. وﺟﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰ ﺳﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ I.spilotus در ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﯿﻨﻪ اي ﺑﻮد و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري را در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد. دو ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻟﯿﭙﺎر و درﯾﺎﺑﺰرگ از ﮔﻮﻧﻪ I.pox داراي ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺷﮑﻞ ﺑﺪن ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ )0/05

Biodiversity conservation is one of the most important issues in today's world. Few studies to date on the biodiversity of the waters of the Persian Gulf and the Makran Sea indicate its remarkable species richness. This study aimed to investigate the morphometric differences of three fish species (I.edentulus, I.spilotus and I.pox) from Blenniidae and the populations of the studied species in the Makran Sea. A total of 67 specimens were captured during the spring and summer 1397 from the three stations of Tis, Lipar and Darya-bozorg by a hand net. 34 morphometric traits were measured using digital caliper. Three species and their populations were analyzed by SPSS software using univariate statistical methods (GLM) and Duncan. Multivariate analysis such as principal component analysis (PCA), and discriminant function analysis (DFA) and cluster analysis based on Euclidean distance were performed to investigate inter and intra-specific morphological differences in PAST statistical software. The results showed considerable similarities between I.spilotus and I.pox. Differentiation of three populations of I.spilotus species was mainly in the pectoral fin and the results showed significant differences (p<0.05) among the populations of this species. The body shape was considerably difference between the two populations of Lipar and Darya-bozorg of I.pox species. DFA analysis separated the later populations, as well. Although, the results of this study, based upon the traditional morphometric method was able to show the differences between the studied populations, Geometric Morphometrics and genetic studies could complement this research in the future.