تركيبات شيميايي و اثرات زيستي گياه (كما) Ferula oopoda

Chemical Composition and Biological effects of (Koma) Ferula oopoda

اﻣﺮوزه ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ داراي ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻜﻲ و دﮔﺮآﺳﻴﺒﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، زﻳﺮا ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً اﺛﺮات ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﻛﻢﺗﺮي دارﻧﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻲ روي ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت و اﺛﺮات زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ از ﺟﻨﺲ ﻓﺮوﻻ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ اﻣﺎ در اﻳﻦ زﻣﻴﻨﻪ از ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻓﺮوﻻ اوﭘﻮدا )(Ferula oopoda در اﻳﺮان، ﮔﺰارﺷﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﮕﺮدﻳﺪ. دراﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺑﺮگFerula oopoda ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ و اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺪ. اﺛﺮات دﮔﺮآﺳﻴﺒﻲ اﻳﻦ ﮔﻴﺎه ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﻲ ﻛﻞ، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﻲ، ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﻲ داﻧﻪرﺳﺖﻫﺎي ﮔﻨﺪم و ﭼﺎودار ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. وﻳﮋﮔﻲ آﻧﺘﻲ اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﻧﻲ و اﺛﺮات ﺿﺪ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ ﻋﺼﺎره ﺑﺮگ و رﻳﺸﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻓﺮوﻻ اوﭘﻮدا ﻧﻴﺰ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻋﺼﺎره آﺑﻲ ﺑﺮگ ﻓﺮوﻻ اوﭘﻮدا ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﻲ ﻛﻞ، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﻲ، ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﻲ ﮔﻨﺪم و ﭼﺎودار را ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دار ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻗﺪرت ﻣﻬﺎرﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﻲ رادﻳﻜﺎلﻫﺎي آزاد و ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ آﻧﺘﻲ اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﻧﻲ ﻋﺼﺎره ﺑﺮگ و رﻳﺸﻪ ﻓﺮوﻻ اوﭘﻮدا ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ وﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦ C اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮات ﺿﺪ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن داد درﺻﺪ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻣﻬﺎر رﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي اﺳﺘﺎﻓﻴﻠﻮﻛﻮﻛﻮس اورﺋﻮس و اﺷﻴﺮﺷﻴﺎ ﻛﻠﻲ در اﺛﺮ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﺼﺎره ﺑﺮگ و رﻳﺸﻪ ﻓﺮوﻻ اوﭘﻮدا ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دار ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﺛﺮات ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ آن اﺳﺖ. آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﺼﺎره ﺑﺮگ ﻓﺮوﻻ اوﭘﻮدا وﺟﻮد ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﻣﺆﺛﺮ و ﻓﺮاري ﭼﻮن آﻟﻔﺎ ﭘﻴﻨﻦ، ﺑﺘﺎﻣﻴﺮﺳﻴﻦ و ﻛﺎرﻳﻮﻓﻴﻠﻴﻦ را ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﺑﺴﻴﺎري از اﺛﺮات زﻳﺴﺘﻲ را ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ارﺗﺒﺎط داد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﮔﻴﺎه ﻓﺮوﻻ اوﭘﻮدا ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻣﻮاد آﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ و ﻋﻠﻒ ﻛﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﻣﺘﻌﺪد و ﻣﺘﻨﻮع ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در اﻧﺪامﻫﺎي اﻳﻦ ﮔﻴﺎه ﻧﻴﺰ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آن ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻬﻴﻪ داروﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺸﺄ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ.

Consideration to Natural compounds that have antibiotic and allelopatic effects increased because generally have fewer side effects. Studies on secondary metabolites and biological effects of compounds of other species of the Ferula have been carried out but there was no report about the Ferula oopoda in Iran. In this study, the chemical compounds found in the leaves of Ferula oopoda were identified and measured. Allelopathic effects on total germination, Speed of germination, Coefficient of the rate of germination indices, of wheat and rye seeds were investigated. Antioxidant properties and antimicrobial effects of leaf and root extract of Ferula oopoda were also measured. the aqueous leaf extract of Ferula Opuda significantly reduces total germination, Speed of germination, Coefficient of the rate of germination in wheat and rye seeds. the radical inhibitory potency and the antioxidant potential of the extract of Leaf and Root of Ferula oopoda are comparable to vitamin C. the Relative inhibitory zone diameter of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli due to different concentrations of Leaf and Root of Ferula oopoda extract significantly confirms its antimicrobial effects. chemical composition of the Ferula oopoda leaf extract showed the presence of compounds such as alpha pinin betamircin and caryophylline. Many of the biological effects can be attributed to these compounds. Thus, Ferula oopoda can be a good source for production of natural antibiotics and herbicides the numerous and varied compounds in the organs of this plant also show the capacity to use it for the preparation of new herbal remedies.