مقاﯾﺴﮥ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ دو ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮﻫﺎي اﻟﺘﻬﺎب و آﺗﺮوﻓﯽ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﯽ در زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع دو

A Comparison of the Effect of Two Different Orders of Combined Training on Inflammatory and Muscle Atrophy Biomarkers in Women with Type 2 Diabetes

ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﮥ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ دو ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ )ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ + ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ ﺷﺪﯾﺪ )HIIT(( ﺑﺮ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﻟﺘﻬﺎب ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از دﯾﺎﺑﺖ، آﺗﺮوﻓﯽ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ اﻟﺘﻬﺎب، ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ و ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺑﺪن در زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع دو ﺑﻮد. 24 ﻧﻔﺮ از زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع دو ﻏﯿﺮورزﺷﮑﺎر ﺑﺎ داﻣﻨﮥ ﺳﻨﯽ 45 ﺗﺎ 65 ﺳﺎل ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ و در ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺸﺖﻧﻔﺮي ﮐﻨﺘﺮل، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع ﯾﮏ و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع دو ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 8 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ را اﺟﺮا ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ، ﺑﻪﻃﻮريﮐﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع ﯾﮏ ﻫﺮ دو ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ را در ﯾﮏ روز ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ-ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ و ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع دو ﻫﻤﺎن ﺣﺠﻢ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ را در روزﻫﺎي ﻣﺠﺰا )ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ در روزﻫﺎي زوج و ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ در روزﻫﺎي ﻓﺮد( اﻧﺠﺎم دادﻧﺪ. ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﻠﺒﯽ-ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ و آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺑﺪن، ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ از دورة ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺧﻮنﮔﯿﺮي 24 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ از اوﻟﯿﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ و 48 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ از آﺧﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﮥ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﮥ ﺑﯿﻦﮔﺮوﻫﯽ از آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ )ANCOVA( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ را ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﯽ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻟﻮﮐﯿﻦ 1ﺑﺘﺎ )IL1β( در ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري داﺷﺖ و ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ. اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ رﺷﺪي ﺷﺒﻪاﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻨﯽ )IGF1( و ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﯽ در ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع ﯾﮏ و ﻧﻮع دو ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ )0/05≤P(. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ دو ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ و اﻟﺘﻬﺎب ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از دﯾﺎﺑﺖ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ رﺷﺪي IGF1 ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، درﺣﺎﻟﯽﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ در روزﻫﺎي ﻣﺠﺰا ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮات ﻣﻔﯿﺪﺗﺮي ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ رﺷﺪ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﯽ داﺷﺖ.

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two concurrent training (resistance training + high-intensity interval training (HIIT)) with different orders on inflammation caused by diabetes, inflammation-induced muscle atrophy, insulin resistance, and body composition in women with type 2 diabetes. 24 nonathletic 45-65 year-old women with type 2 diabetes voluntarily participated in this study. They were divided into three groups: control group, type I, and type II exercise. Both groups of exercises performed concurrent training for 8 weeks. The first group had both exercises on the same day in the form of resistance-HIIT and the second group had the same volume of exercise on separated days. Cardiovascular evaluation and body composition analysis were measured before and after the training period. Blood samples were collected 24 hours before the first session and 48 hours after the last session of concurrent training to measure glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, IGF1, and IL1β. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used for comparison between groups and the results of post-test analysis of covariance showed a significant decrease in insulin resistance in both training groups compared to the control group. IL1β decreased significantly in both training groups compared to the control group and there was no significant difference between the two orders. The increase in IGF1 and fat-free mass were significant in both training groups compared to the control group and a significant difference was observed between type I and type II exercise (p < /em><0.05). The results of this study showed that concurrent training with two different orders can be an important factor in decreasing insulin resistance and inflammation caused by diabetes and increasing IGF1 growth factor while exercise on separated days had more beneficial effects on boosting muscle growth.