كليدواژه :
تنبيه , رسيدگي قانوني , رفتار ناشايست , كميتۀ اخلاق , ليگ
چكيده فارسي :
ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﯽﮐﻪ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻧﺎﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﯽ در ﺧﺎرج از زﻣﯿﻦ ورزش ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﻓﺮاد ﻓﻌﺎل در ورزش رخ دﻫﺪ، ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺗﻨﺒﯿﻬﺎت و ﺟﺮﯾﻤﻪﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺎﺷﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ درﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺣﺎل، اﮔﺮ آراي ﺗﻨﺒﯿﻬﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎي رﺳﻤﯽﺗﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻟﯿﮓ، ﮐﻤﯿﺘﮥ اﻧﻀﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﯾﺎ ﮐﻤﯿﺘﮥ اﺧﻼق ﺻﺎدر ﺷﻮد، اﯾﻦ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل وﺟﻮد دارد ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ آرا ﺗﻮﺳﻂ رﺳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﮐﺸﯿﺪه ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. در ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ، ﻣﻘﺮرات اﻧﻀﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﺳﺨﺘﮕﯿﺮاﻧﻪﺗﺮي ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻟﯿﮓﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ورزﺷﯽ ﺟﻬﺎن ﺑﺮاي رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺷﺎﯾﺴﺖ ورزﺷﮑﺎران در ﺑﯿﺮون از ﺣﯿﻄﮥ ورزش درﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺗﻌﺪاد و ﺷﺪت ﺟﺮﯾﻤﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﻓﺮاد ﻣﺘﺨﻠﻒ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﺒﯿﻬﺎت ﺑﺎ اﻫﺪاﻓﯽ ﭼﻮن ﺳﺎﻟﻢﺳﺎزي ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ورزش، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﻣﯿﺎن ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ورزش، ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎﻧﯽ از اﺧﻼق ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي، آﻣﻮزش ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي درﺳﺖ، اراﺋﮥ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ از ﺷﺮﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ورزش، ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از زﯾﺎن ﻣﺎﻟﯽ ﻟﯿﮓ و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد وﺟﻬﮥ ﻟﯿﮓ درﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ و اﻏﻠﺐ ﻓﺮاﺗﺮ از ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻗﺮارداد ﺑﺎزﯾﮑﻨﺎن ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺣﺎل، ﻋﻮاﻣﻠﯽ ﭼﻮن ﻧﺒﻮد ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ دادرﺳﯽ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒﺷﺪه، اﺗﮑﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻓﮑﺎر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ در ﺗﻨﺒﯿﻬﺎت، ﺑﺰرگﻧﻤﺎﯾﯽ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻧﺎدرﺳﺖ ﺑﺎزﯾﮑﻨﺎن، و ﺗﻔﺎوت زﯾﺎد ﺑﯿﻦ آراي ﺗﻨﺒﯿﻬﯽ در ﻟﯿﮓﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، ﺳﺒﺐ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺆاﻻﺗﯽ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﺻﻼﺣﯿﺖ و اﺧﺘﯿﺎرات ﻟﯿﮓﻫﺎي ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ورزﺷﯽ در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻨﺒﯿﻪ ﺑﺎزﯾﮑﻨﺎن در ﻗﺒﺎل ﺑﺪرﻓﺘﺎريﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرج از زﻣﯿﻦ آﻧﺎن ﺑﻪوﺟﻮد ﺑﯿﺎﯾﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﻨﺒﯿﻪ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺷﺎﯾﺴﺖ و ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎرف ورزﺷﮑﺎران در ﺧﺎرج از زﻣﯿﻦ ورزش در ﭼﻬﺎر ﻟﯿﮓ اﺻﻠﯽ ورزش آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ )ﻟﯿﮓﻫﺎي ﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﯿﺴﺒﺎل، ﺑﺴﮑﺘﺒﺎل، ﻫﺎﮐﯽ و ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎل( ﻣﯽﭘﺮدازد و آن را ﺑﺎ ﻟﯿﮓ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎل اﯾﺮان و ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﺧﺎص، ﻧﺤﻮة ﺣﻞوﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮐﻤﯿﺘﮥ اﺧﻼق ﻓﺪراﺳﯿﻮن ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎل، ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ و ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
When misconducts outside the playing field occur by stakeholders of sport, penalties and fines are usually intended by sports clubs. However, if punitive actions were imposed by more formal entities such as the League organization or the Disciplinary Committee, it is likely that these votes will be challenged by the media. In recent years, more stringent disciplinary regulations have been introduced by the world's most prestigious sports leagues for the inappropriate behavior of athletes outside the field of sports and the number and severity of fines for offenders have increased. These punishments are considered with goals such as keeping a healthy environment, the development of healthy communication among sport stakeholders, support for professional ethics, educating good behaviors, providing a positive moral image of sports stakeholders, preventing league losses, and improving the reputation of the league and often beyond the framework of the players' contracts. However, factors such as the lack of defined hearing procedures, the reliance on public opinion in punishment, the magnitude of the misconduct of players, and the large difference in penalties in different leagues have raised questions about the competence and authority of professional sports leagues to punish players for abuse. This article analyzes how to punish misconducts of athletes outside the field of sports in the four major US sports leagues (including National Basketball, Basketball, Hockey, and Soccer), and with Iran’s Premier Football league and in particular, The way things are solved by the Football Federation's Ethics Committee is being compared and adapted.
