حذف نيكل و كادميوم توسط جاذب هاي دياتوميت، سيلت، ساقه آفتابگردان و سيمان (اجزاء تشكيل دهنده بتن سبز)

Removal of Nickel and Cadmium using Diatomite, Silt, Sunflower stem and Cement (Green Concrete Components

ﺟذب ﺳﻄﺤﻰ يﮑﻰ از رايﺞ ﺗرين روش ﻫا ﺟﻬت ﺣذف فﻠﺰات ﺳﻨگﯿن اﺳت. اﺧﯿراً ﺗﻮﺟه زيادي به اﺳﺘﻔاده از ﻣﻮاد ارزان ﻗﯿﻤت ﻣانﻨﺪ ﺿايﻌات ﺻﻨايﻊ، ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪات ﻏذايﻰ و ﮐﺸاورزي در ﻣﻄاﻟﻌات ﺟذب ﺳﻄﺤﻰ ﺷﺪه اﺳت. ازآنﺠاﮐه ﻗﺴﻤت ﻋﻤﺪه ﺳازه ﻫا، ﺣﻮﺿﭽه ﻫا و ﻟﻮﻟه ﻫاي انﺘﻘال فاﺿلاب از بﺘن ﺳاﺧﺘه ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮنﺪ، اﺳﺘﻔاده از بﺘن با ﻇرفﯿت ﺟذب فﻠﺰات ﺳﻨگﯿن ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮانﺪ يﮑﻰ از روش ﻫاي ﻣﺆﺛر در ﺣذف آﻻيﻨﺪه ﻫا به ﺧﺼﻮص فﻠﺰات ﺳﻨگﯿن از فاﺿلاب ﻫا باﺷﺪ. در اين ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از دو افﺰودنﻰ دياﺗﻮﻣﯿت و ﺳاﻗه آفﺘابگردان به ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟاذب فﻠﺰات ﺳﻨگﯿن ﮐادﻣﯿﻮم و نﯿﮑﻞ از فاﺿلاب و نﯿﺰ ﻣﻮادي ﮐه بﺘﻮانﻨﺪ ﻣﻘاوﻣت، دوام و پايايﻰ بﺘن را در ﺳازه ﻫاي آب و فاﺿلاب ﺣﻔﻆ و ﺣﺘﻰ افﺰايﺶ دﻫﻨﺪ، اﺳﺘﻔاده ﺷﺪ. دياﺗﻮﻣﯿت ﺟايگﺰين بﺨﺸﻰ از ﺳﯿﻤان و آفﺘابگردان ﺟايگﺰين بﺨﺸﻰ از ﺳﻨﮓ دانه ﻣﺼرفﻰ بﺘن ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻮانايﻰ ﺟذب نﯿﮑﻞ و ﮐادﻣﯿﻮم ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﺟﺰاي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ دﻫﻨﺪه بﺘن ﺳﯿﻤان، ﺳﯿﻠت، دياﺗﻮﻣﯿت و ﺳاﻗه آفﺘابگردان( ﻣﻮردبررﺳﻰ ﻗرار ﮔرفت. ﺳﯿﻤان ﻗادر به ﺣذف ﮐاﻣﻞ نﯿﮑﻞ و ﮐادﻣﯿﻮم بﻮد. ديگر اﺟﺰاي ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ دﻫﻨﺪه بﺘن نﯿﺰ ﺗﻮانايﻰ ﺧﻮبﻰ در ﺣذف نﯿﮑﻞ و ﮐادﻣﯿﻮم داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻇرفﯿت ﺟاذب ﻫا براي نﯿﮑﻞ و ﮐادﻣﯿﻮم به ﺗرﺗﯿﺐ براي دياﺗﻮﻣﯿت، ﺳﯿﻠت و ﺳاﻗه آفﺘابگردان 2/85 و 1/88، 2/61 و 2/82، 18/45 و 6/82 ﻣﯿﻠﻰ ﮔرم بر ﮔرم به دﺳت آﻣﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿن روابﻂ ﻣربﻮط به ﻫﻢ دﻣاﻫاي ﺟذب ﻻنگﻤوﯿر و فرونﺪﻟﯿﭻ براي ﻫرﮐﺪام از ﺟاذب ﻫا انﺪازه ﮔﯿري ﺷﺪ و نﺘايﺞ نﺸان داد ﻫر دو ﻫﻢ دﻣاي ﻻنگﻤوﯿر و فرونﺪﻟﯿﭻ براي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ فرايﻨﺪ ﺟذب نﯿﮑﻞ و ﮐادﻣﯿﻮم ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺟاذب ﻫا ﻣﻨاﺳﺐ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺗﮑه ﻫاي بﺘﻨﻰ ﮐادﻣﯿﻮم را به ﻃﻮر ﮐاﻣﻞ ﺣذف ﮐردنﺪ اﻣا در ﺟذب نﯿﮑﻞ نﻤﻮنه ﺷاﻫﺪ بﻬﺘرين ﻋﻤﻠﮑرد را داﺷت.

Adsorption is one of a common treatment applied in heavy metal removal. Recently, studies of low-cost adsorbent are intensively gain attention to the scientist were usually waste product from industrial, agricultural and food production which produced abundantly. Since most of the structures, ponds, and drainage pipelines are made of concrete, the use of adsorbent concrete can be an effective way to remove pollutants, especially heavy metals from wastewater. In this research, diatomite and sunflower stems were used as concrete additives to adsorb cadmium and nickel from wastewater as well as materials that could maintain and even increase the strength, durability, and stability of concrete in water and wastewater structures. Diatomite was replaced with part of the cement and sunflower replaced with part of aggregates used in concrete. The adsorption of Nickle and cadmium by concrete components (cement, silt, diatomite and sunflower stem) was investigated. Cement was able to remove nickel and cadmium completely. Other components of the concrete also have a good ability to remove nickel and cadmium. The maximum adsorption capacities of Ni and Cadmium for diatomite, silt, and sunflower stem were 2.85 and 1.88, 2.61 and 2.82, 18.45 and 6.82 mgr/gr, respectively. Metal adsorption onto adsorbents was evaluated by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Results indicate that both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models are suitable. Concrete pieces removed cadmium completely, but in nickel absorption, the control sample had the best performance