ارزيابي پايداري محيط زيستي شهرستان هاي استان آذربايجان شرقي

Evaluation of Environmental Sustainability East Azerbaijan Province

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﺑﺰار در ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﺑﻮده و ﻟﺬا ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ آن در ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﮔﺬاري ﻫﺎ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﻫﺎ اﻣﺮي اﺟﺘﻨﺎب ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎﻫﺪف ﺳﻨﺠﺶ و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎن ﺷﺮﻗﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺎﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ 20 ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﺳﺘﺎن آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎن ﺷﺮﻗﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و رﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ 13 ﺷﺎﺧﺺ از ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن از ﺳﺎل ﻧﺎﻣﻪ آﻣﺎري 1391 اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ، اﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش آﻧﺘﺮوﭘﯽ ﺷﺎﻧﻮن وزن دﻫﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ و رﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ درﺟﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎ از روش ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮي ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎره وﯾﮑﻮر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. 0/9001 ،0/8436و 0/9499( ﺟﺰء ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺮوم اﺳﺘﺎن از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﮐﻢ ﺗﺮي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردارﻧﺪ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠـﺎن ﺷـﺮﻗﯽ از ﻟﺤـﺎظ ﭘﺎﯾـﺪاري ﻣﺤـﯿﻂ زﯾﺴـﺘﯽ در ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻗﺮار دارد. در ﮐﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎ در ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﯿﻤـﻪ ﭘﺎﯾـﺪار و ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻧﺎﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ و ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮي ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺪف ﻣﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﯿﺎن ﮔﺮ ﺗﻔﺎوت در ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﮐﻪ از 20 ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن، 4 ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎن ﭘﺎﯾــﺪار)ﻋﺠــﺐ ﺷــﯿﺮ، ﺑﻨــﺎب، ورزﻗــﺎن و ﻣﺮﻧــﺪ ﺑــﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿــﺐ ﺑــﺎ اﻣﺘﯿــﺎز 0/1810 ،0/1510 ،0/0271 و 0/2144( ، 2 ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎن ﻧﺴــﺒﺘﺎً ﭘﺎﯾﺪار)ﺑﺴﺘﺎن آﺑﺎد و ﺟﻠﻔﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز 0/2795 و 0/3846( ، 6 ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار)ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ، ﻣﺮاﻏﻪ، ﻣﻠﮑﺎن، ﺷﯿﺴﺘﺮ، ﺧـﺪاآﻓﺮﯾﻦ و ﻣﯿﺎﻧـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز 0/5933 ،0/5832 ،0/5793 ،0/5145 ،0/4755و 0/6459( ، 5 ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻧﺴـﺒﺘﺎً ﻧﯿﻤـﻪ ﻧﺎﭘﺎﯾـﺪار )ﭼﺎراوﯾﻤـﺎق، ﻫـﺮﯾﺲ، ﮐﻠﯿﺒـﺮ، ﺳﺮاب و آذرﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز 0/7660 ،0/7496 ،0/7424 ،0/6879و 0/8125( و 3 ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن )اﺳﮑﻮ، اﻫﺮ و ﻫﺸﺘﺮود ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑـﺎ اﻣﺘﯿـﺎز 0/9001 ،0/8436و 0/9499( ﺟﺰء ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺮوم اﺳﺘﺎن از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﮐﻢ ﺗﺮي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردارﻧﺪ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠـﺎن ﺷـﺮﻗﯽ از ﻟﺤـﺎظ ﭘﺎﯾـﺪاري ﻣﺤـﯿﻂ زﯾﺴـﺘﯽ در ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻗﺮار دارد. در ﮐﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎ در ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﯿﻤـﻪ ﭘﺎﯾـﺪار و ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻧﺎﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ و ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮي ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺪف ﻣﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. .

Introduction: Environmental sustainability assessment is one of the most important tools in the process of sustainable development planning and therefore attention to it in policy-making and planning is inevitable. For this purpose, the present study was conducted to assess and evaluate the degree of environmental sustainability among the cities of East Azerbaijan province. Material and Methods: The research method is descriptive-analytical with an applied purpose. The statistical population of the study is 20 cities of East Azerbaijan provinces. In order to evaluate and rank the environmental sustainability, 13 indicators of environmental components of the cities of the province were selected from the statistical yearbook of 2012. These variables were weighed using Shannon entropy method was used. Findings: Findings indicate differences in environmental sustainability among cities in the province. So that out of 20 cities, 4 sustainable cities (Ajabshir, Bonab, Varzeqan and Marand with scores of 0.0271, 0.1510, 0.1810 and 0.2144, respectively), 2 relatively stable cities (Bostanabad and Jolfa respectively) With a score of 0.2795 and 0.3846), 6 semi-sustainable cities (Tabriz, Maragheh, Malekan, Schister, Khodaafarin and Miyaneh with a score of 0.4755, 0.5145, 0.59393, 0.5832, 0.5933 and respectively 0.6459), 5 relatively semi-unstable cities (Charavimaq, Harris, Kalibar, Sarab and Azarshahr with scores of 0.6879, 0.7244, 0.796, 0.760 and 0.8125, respectively) and 3 cities (Osko, Ahar) an‎d Hashtrood with a score of 0.836, 0.9001 and 0.9999, respectively) are among the deprived cities of the province in terms of environmental conditions that have less environmental sustainability. Results and Discussion: The results of the research indicate that the cities of East Azarbaijan are in a semi-stable position in terms of environmental sustainability. In general, it can be seen that most of the cities in the process of environmental sustainability are in a semi-stable and relatively unstable state and need more priority to implement sustainable development plans