ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻘﺮرات ﮔﺬاري زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﭘﺮﺗﻮ ﺣﻘﻮق ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ واﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ

Explaining and Review of the Environmental Regulatory in the Light of Social and Public Law

ﻣﻘﺮرات ﮔﺬاري زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ زﯾﺮﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻘﺮرات ﮔﺬاري اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻘﺮرات ﮔﺬاري ﭼﺎرﭼﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ ﺷﺪن ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻣﺼﻮب در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اﺳﺖ و اﯾﻦ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﺗﻀﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺜﺎل اﮔﺮ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﮔﺬار ﺗﺨﻠﯿﻪ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ در آﺑﺮاه ﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ را ﻣﻤﻨﻮع ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ و ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻘﺾ آن ﻣﺠﺎزات ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﻨﺪ، اﯾﻦ ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻋﯿﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﯿﺎن ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨﺪي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ و ﻣﺤﮑﻮﻣﯿﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي آﻟﻮده ﺳﺎز ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﮔﺮدد. از ﺳﻮي دﯾﮕﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ از ﻧﻈﺮ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﻧﺎدرﺳﺖ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻋﯿﺖ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ اﯾﻦ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﯿﺎن اﯾﻦ ادﻋﺎي اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﺷﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي و روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻮده و روﯾﮑﺮد ﻧﻮ اﻧﺪﯾﺸﺎﻧﻪ دارد. ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻞ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ ﻣﻘﺮرات ﮔﺬاري زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻫﻢ ﮔﺎم ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻣﻘﺮرات ﮔﺬاري و ﻗﺎﻋﺪه ﺳﺎزي ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار دارد. ﻣﻘﺮرات ﮔﺬاري از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ اﺟﺮاي ﻗﻮي ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻬﺪات ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد. اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ در ﺣﻮزه ﺣﻘﻮق ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻗﻮام ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ رﺳﺪ رﻫﯿﺎﻓﺘﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ و ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨﺪي ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﻬﺪات زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﺳﺖ.

Environmental regulation is one of the most important subset of social regulation. The regulatory is a framework for the implementation of the rules adopted the community and guaranteed to be the framework on the basis of legal standards. For example, a community may decide that one of its collective goals is to sustain the quality of its waterways. It might achieve this by promulgating a binding legal rule prohibiting any person from dumping waste exceeding a specified quantity into its public waterways, and imposing a financial penalty on any person who violates this rule. However, the same collective goal might also be achieved by imposing a system of tradeable permits that allows certain amounts of wastes to be dumped into public waterways upon payment of a specified sum. This research is based on library studies and descriptive analytical method and a new approach is sighted. Purpose of this study, is to explain the role of environmental regulation as a facilitator of the administrative structure in good condition along with social interaction. Also, is considered explaining the importance of regulation and rule-making. Regulation is including important social standards and strong enforcement of legal obligations in the community. The fundamental standards, is consistency in the field of public law and seems important approach is environmental Protection and Citizens adherence to environmental obligations.