بررسي و تحليل پارامترهاي تاثير گذار بر روي عملكرد و راندمان انرژي توليد بيوديزل حاصل از روغن پسماند

Analysis of the Parameters Affecting on the Performance and Energy Efficiency of Biodiesel Production from Waste Oil

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺪاوم ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي اﻧﺮژي و ﮐﻢ ﺷﺪن ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎم ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ و ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﯿﻮدﯾﺰل ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ اﯾﻦﮐﻪ دوﺳﺖ دار ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ دﯾﺰل ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﯿﻮدﯾﺰل ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل از روش ﺗﺮاﻧﺲ اﺳﺘﺮﯾﻔﯿﮑﺎﺳﯿﻮن ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﺎزده اﻧﺮژي و ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ زﻣﺎن و دﻣﺎي واﮐﻨﺶ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﻮﻟﯽ ﻣﺘﺎﻧﻮل ﺑﻪ روﻏﻦ ﺑﺮ روي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﯿﻮدﯾﺰل ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از روﻏﻦ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﻧﺮژي ﻧﻬﺎده ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻫﻢﭼﻮن ﻧﯿﺮوي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ، ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ روﻏﻦ ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ، اﻟﮑﻞ )ﻣﺘﺎﻧﻮل(، ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﯿﺴﺖ )KOH(، اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﺴﯿﺘﻪ و اﻧﺮژي ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﯿﻮدﯾﺰل و اﻧﺮژي ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ: ﺑﯿﻮدﯾﺰل، ﮔﻠﯿﺴﺮول، اﺿﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﮑﻞ، آب، ﺻﺎﺑﻮن، ﻣﻮﻧﻮﮔﻠﯿﺴﺮﯾﺪ و دي ﮔﻠﯿﺴﯿﺮﯾﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺑﺎزده اﻧﺮژي، ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، وزن اﺳﺘﺮﻫﺎي اﺳﯿﺪ ﭼﺮب و ﺗﺮي ﮔﻠﯿﺴﯿﺮﯾﺪ روﻏﻦ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از واﮐﻨﺶ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد اﯾﻦ ﺳﻪ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ زﻣﺎن و دﻣﺎي واﮐﻨﺶ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﻮﻟﯽ ﻣﺘﺎﻧﻮل ﺑﻪ روﻏﻦ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد واﮐﻨﺶ ﺗﺮﻧﺲ اﺳﺘﺮﯾﻔﯿﮑﺎﺳﯿﻮن ﺑﻪ روش ﻣﺮﺳﻮم ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬار ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﻮﻟﯽ ﻣﺘﺎﻧﻮل ﺑﻪ روﻏﻦ 6:1، زﻣﺎن واﮐﻨﺶ 60 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ و دﻣﺎي واﮐﻨﺶ 60 درﺟﻪ ﺳﻠﺴﯿﻮس ﺑﺎ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ 95 درﺻﺪ ﺗﺮي ﮔﻠﯿﺴﺮﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺮﻫﺎي اﺳﯿﺪ ﭼﺮب ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد واﮐﻨﺶ را در ﻣﯿﺎن ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داد. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: در ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﯿﻮدﯾﺰل راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻟﯽ ﻣﺘﺎﻧﻮل ﺑﻪ روﻏﻦ 6:1 ،3:1 و 9:1 ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 89 ،69 و 76 درﺻﺪ ﺑﺮآورد ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي ﺑﺮاي دﻣﺎ ﻫﺎي واﮐﻨﺶ 50 ،40 و 60 درﺟﻪ ﺳﻠﺴﯿﻮس ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 83 ،72 و 95 درﺻﺪ ﺑﺮآورد ﺷﺪ.

Background and Objective: The steady increase in energy demand and the depletion of crude oil resources have led to the search for renewable and sustainable fuels. Biodiesel is the best alternative to diesel because it is environmentally friendly. Biodiesel is typically produced by the transesterification method. In this study, energy efficiency and the effect of reaction time and temperature as well as the molar ratio of methanol to oil on biodiesel production from waste oil were investigated. Methods: In this study, the energy of inputs such as manpower, edible oil waste, alcohol (methanol), catalyst (KOH), electricity and energy of biodiesel production machine and energy output including: biodiesel, glycerol, alcohol additives, water, soap, mono-glyceride and Diglyceride was calculated to calculate energy efficiency. Also, to calculate the yield, the weight of fatty acid esters and triglycerides of waste oil from the reaction was measured. Findings and Conclusions: The results of this study showed that these three parameters of reaction time and temperature as well as the molar ratio of methanol to oil affected the performance of the transesterification reaction by the conventional method. The molar ratio of methanol to oil was 6: 1, the reaction time was 60 minutes and the reaction temperature was 60 ° C with 95% conversion of triglycerides to fatty acid esters.