ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺳﻤﯿﺖ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﺖ ﮐﺸﻨﺪه ﻧﯿﺘﺮات ﻧﻘﺮه ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮژي و اﯾﻤﻮﻧﻮﻟﻮژي ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ )Carassius auratus (

Evaluation of Sub Lethal Concentration Toxicity of Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) on Some of Hematology and Immunology Indices in Goldfish (Carassius Auratus)

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﻣﺮوزه ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﻧﻘﺮه ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺧﻮاص ﺿﺪ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺑﯽ در ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽﮔﺮدﻧﺪ. اﻣﺎ اﺛﺮات ﻏﯿﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﻏﯿﺮﺿﺮوري ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﺮه، در ﺑﺪن آﺑﺰﯾﺎن ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات ﺗﺤﺖ ﮐﺸﻨﺪه ﻧﯿﺘﺮات ﻧﻘﺮه ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﺧﻮن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ و اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ )Carassius auratus ( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺪل ﮐﭙﻮر ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: ﺗﻌﺪاد 105 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ، ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در 15 ﻣﺨﺰن ﻓﺎﯾﺒﺮﮔﻼس )400 ﻟﯿﺘﺮي( ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ )12 ﻣﺨﺰن ﺑﺮاي ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﯿﺘﺮات ﻧﻘﺮه و 3 ﻣﺨﺰن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ( و ﺑﺮاي آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ وﺧﻮن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ، 9 ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ از ﻫﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ در ﻣﻌﺮض ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ppm 0/05 ،0/025 ،0/01 و 0/1 ﻧﯿﺘﺮات ﻧﻘﺮه ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﯿﺘﺮات ﻧﻘﺮه ﺑﺮ روي ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ارﯾﺘﺮوﺳﯿﺘﯽ ﺧﻮن ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ در ﺳﻄﺢ درﺻﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺑﻮدخ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار( ، اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ روي اﻏﻠﺐ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻟﻮﮐﻮﺳﯿﺘﯽ ﺧﻮن ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﭼﻨﺪاﻧﯽ ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻣﻘﺎوم ﺑﻮدن اﯾﻦ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ارﯾﺘﺮوﺳﯿﺘﯽ ﺧﻮن ميﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﯿﻮﻣﺎرﮐﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﻧﻘﺮه ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ.

Background and Objective: Todays, due to the antibacterial properties, silver compounds are used in various industries. The effects of non-essential heavy metals such as silver are irreversible in aquatics body. In the present study, the sub lethal effects of silver nitrate were investigated on hematological and immunological indices of goldfish (Carassius auratus) as a model in the Cyprinid fishes. Method: 105 Fish were randomly assigned to in 15 fiberglass tanks (Per tanks 400 liters). 12 tank for different concentrations of silver nitrate and 3 tank for control groups. Each treatment was separately exposed to effective concentrations of silver nitrate 0.01, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 ppm and for hematological and biochemical test, 9 fish were randomly selected from each treatment. Findings: The results showed that different concentrations of silver nitrate affected (reduce) blood erythrocyte (P>0.05) but did not affect blood leukocyte. Discussion and Conclusion: These results may be due to the resistance of the Goldfish compared to others and blood erythrocyte indices can be used as a suitable biomarker of silver pollution.