پديد آورندگان :
شكريان، فاطمه دانشگاه علوم كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي ساري - گروه مهندسي آبخيزداري , سليماني، كريم دانشگاه علوم كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي ساري - گروه مهندسي آبخيزداري , نعمت زاده، قربانعلي دانشگاه علوم كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي ساري - پژوهشكده ژنتيك و زيست فناوري طبرستان , بي پروا، پوريا دانشگاه علوم كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي ساري - گروه علوم پايه
چكيده فارسي :
زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺪود ﺑﻮدن ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب در دﺳﺘﺮس، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آبﻫﺎي ﺷﻮر ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﺑﯽ، ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﮐﻤﺒﻮد آب را ﻧﯿﺰ ﺟﺒﺮان ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. از آﻧﺠﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ آب ﻫﺎي ﺷﻮر ﻧﻤﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﺼﺮف واﻗﻊ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ دﻟﯿﻞ در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺟﺬب ﻧﻤﮏ ﺟﺎذبﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ زﺋﻮﻟﯿﺖ و ﭘﺮﻟﯿﺖ، و زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ و ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺻﺪف در ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﻫﺎي آﺑﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: ذرات در 5 اﻧﺪازه 841 ، 125 ،177 ،400 و 74 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﺘﺮ، ﺑﺎ اﻟﮏﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ASTM داﻧﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻣﺤﻠﻮلﻫﺎي آب ﻧﻤﮏ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي 7000 ،5000 ،3000 ،1000 ،750 ،200،300،500 ،100 ،50 ،25 و 10000 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازه و ﻣﻘﺪار ذرات ﺟﺎذب، زﻣﺎن ﺗﻤﺎس و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺧﻮردن ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﺑﺮ ﺣﺬف ﻧﻤﮏ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ ﮐﻠﺮاﯾﺪ ﻃﺒﻖ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺎﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﻪ در دﻣﺎي 25 درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﮔﺮاد ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. در اﯾﻦ روش ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﺳﺪﯾﻢ ﮐﻠﺮاﯾﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﯽ از ﺟﺎذب ﻫﺎ روي دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺷﯿﮑﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ rpm 200 و در ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ زﻣﺎﻧﯽ 60 ،45 ،35 ،25 ،15 ،10 و 120 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ در دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﯾﻔﯿﻮژ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ rpm 10000 ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 10 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﯾﻔﯿﻮژ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﯿﺘﺮاﺳﯿﻮن ﮐﻠﺮﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ.
ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﺎذبﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺟﺬب ﻧﻤﮏ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ در ﻣﻘﺪار 2 ﮔﺮم ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﺬب ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ اﻧﺪازه ذرات ﺟﺎذب ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻧﻤﮏ ﺟﺬب ﺷﺪه، ﻧﺸﺎن داد اﻧﺪازه 74 ﻣﯿﮑﺮون ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ را در ﺟﺬب ﻧﻤﮏ دارد. زﻣﺎن ﺗﻤﺎس ﺑﺮاي زﺋﻮﻟﯿﺖ در 25، ﭘﺮﻟﯿﺖ 15، ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ 25 و ﺻﺪف 15 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اول ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﯽ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎدل رﺳﯿﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﺪلﻫﺎي اﯾﺰوﺗﺮﻣﯽ، ﭘﺮﻟﯿﺖ و ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ از ﻣﺪل ﻻﻧﮕﻤﻮﯾﺮ و زﺋﻮﻟﯿﺖ و ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺻﺪف از ﻣﺪل ﻓﺮوﻧﺪﻟﯿﭻ ﺗﺒﻌﯿﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ.
ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺟﺎذبﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺘﯽ و ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ در اﻧﺪازهﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﺟﺬب ﯾﻮنﻫﺎي ﻧﻤﮑﯽ را دارا ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﺎذبﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺬب ﻧﻤﮏ زﺋﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﺟﺬب را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background and Objective: Available water resources are limited, thus use of saline water can protect water resources and compensated water scarcity. Since saline water cannot be used directly, this study investigated the adsorption capacity of Zeolite, Perlite as minerals and rice husk and seashell as bio compounds in water solution.
Methods: Particles were classified in five different sizes of 841, 400, 177, 125 and 74 µm which based on ASTM sieves. Sodium chloride solution was prepared in different concentration of 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 500, 750, 1000, 3000, 5000, 7000 and 10000 ppm. The effects of the sizes, dosage, contact time, rate of mixing with duration of 10, 15, 25, 35, 45, 60 and 120 minutes for the salt removal done with batch experiments in 25oC. In this method the sodium chloride solution with certain amounts of adsorbent put on a shaker device with constant speed of 200 rpm and were mixed at intervals of 10, 15, 25, 35, 45, 60 and 120 minutes. Then the samples in centrifuged with 10000 rpm in 10 minute and the upper solution used for chloride titration.
Findings: The effects of different amount of absorbent on salt absorbance showed that for all samples the highest absorbance is related to the range of 2 grams. Among the used sizes of particles, the most efficiency was related to the size of 74 µm in salt absorption. The optimum time of used samples was identified as 25, 15, 25 and 15 min for zeolite, perlite, rice husk and sea shell respectively. Based on isotherm model, perlite and rice husk followed Langmuir model, while zeolite and seashell followed Freundlich.
Conclusion: Mineral and bio sorbents in different micron sizes have able to absorb salt ions. Among the use of different adsorbents, zeolite showed highest efficiency to salt adsorption.
