بررسي تاثير عمليات پرورشي بر ويژگي‌هاي كمي و كيفي توده‌هاي آلوده به بلايت شمشاد (Buxus hyrcana Pojark) (مطالعه موردي جنگل‌هاي سري يك گُمبُل بخش يك حوزه 26– شهرستان لاهيجان)

Investigation of the Silviculture Treatment Effects on the Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Infected Stands of Boxwood Blight Disease (Case study district No: 1 Gombol watershed No: 26-Lahijan township)

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف در ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺎن اﺧﯿﺮ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﺑﻼﯾﺖ ﯾﺎ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﯽ ﺷﻤﺸﺎد ﮐﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ آن ﻧﻮﻋﯽ ﻗﺎرچ اﺳﺖ از ﻏﺮب اروﭘﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﮕﻞ-ﻫﺎي ﻫﯿﺮﮐﺎﻧﯽ رﺳﯿﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﭘﺮورﺷﯽ را ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ و دﻣﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد در ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻗﺮار دﻫﯿﻢ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ ﻣﻌﺎدل 3 ﻫﮑﺘﺎر در ﺳﺮي 1 ﮔﻤﺒﻞ در ﺟﻨﮕﻞﻫﺎي ﻻﻫﯿﺠﺎن اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از آن دﺳﺖ ﻧﺨﻮرده و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و ﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ داراي ﻃﺮح ﺟﻨﮕﻠﺪاري ﺑﻮد. ﺗﻤﺎم درﺧﺘﺎن دو ﺗﻮده ﺑﻪ روش ﺻﺪ درﺻﺪ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي و ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ-ﺳﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎم ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎيﮐﻤﯽ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺳﯿﻨﻪ، ﻗﻄﺮ ﯾﻘﻪ، ارﺗﻔﺎع، ﺗﻌﺪاد زادآوري در ﺳﻪ ﮐﻼﺳﻪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ درﺧﺘﺎن ﺷﻤﺸﺎد ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ درﺻﺪ ﺷﺎداﺑﯽ ﺑﺮگ، ﺳﺮﺷﺎﺧﻪ و ﺗﺎج درﺧﺘﺎن ﺛﺒﺖ و ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ آﻣﺎري ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯽ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺗﺎج، ارﺗﻔﺎع، ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ و ﺗﻌﺪاد زادآوري درﮐﻼﺳﻪ ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﯽ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از 1/3 ﻣﺘﺮ و ﺷﺎداﺑﯽ ﺑﺮگ، ﺳﺮﺷﺎﺧﻪ و ﺗﻨﻪ درﺧﺘﺎن ﺷﻤﺸﺎد در ﺗﻮده ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺷﺪه داراي ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺪ و در ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺗﻌﺪاد در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﮐﻞ زاد آوري ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﻬﺘﺮي را دارا ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﻋﻨﻮان ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ اﻋﻤﺎل ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ در ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي آﻟﻮده ﺑﻪ ﺑﻼﯾﺖ ﺷﻤﺸﺎد ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻣﺤﺒﻮس زﯾﺮ ﺗﺎج درﺧﺘﺎن، از ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي ﮐﺮده و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ.

Background and Objective: In recent years, blight or boxwood blight, caused by a fungus, has spread from Western Europe to the Hyrcanian forests. In this study, the aim is to investigate the effect of breeding operations that reduce the humidity and temperature of these populations in controlling this disease. Method: For conducting a surface study equivalent to 3 hectares in series 1 of Gombl in Lahijan forests was selected, part of which was intact and as a control and part also had a forestry plan. All trees in two stands by 100% measurement method and variable diameter equal to chest for all species and small variables equal to diameter, collar diameter, height, number of reproductions in three classes as well as qualitative variables of trees Boxwood was recorded and analyzed statistically including the percentage of leaf freshness, branches and crowns of trees. Findings: Based on the results of quantitative variables of canopy diameter, height, cross section and number of regenerations in the height class less than 1.3 m and the vigor of leaves, branches and trunks of boxwood trees in the managed massif were evaluated with better conditions. Only the number per hectare of total reproductive area in the control area was better. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results obtained in this study, it can be said that management practices in the populations infected with boxwood blight by reducing the moisture trapped under the canopy of trees, prevent the spread of disease and resistance of rootstocks to this disease Increases.