ارزيابي عوامل موثر بر تمايل به پرداخت مصرف‌كنندگان شيراز به منظور بهره‌مندي از محصول گوجه فرنگي ارگانيك: كاربرد روش دو مرحله‌اي هكمن

Evaluating the Factors Affecting the Consumption of Shiraz Consumers to Benefit from Organic Tomato Product Application of Hackman Two-Step Method

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﺗﮑﺎي ﺑﯽروﯾﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻬﺎده ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﮐﻮد و ﺳﻤﻮم ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري ﺑﯽ روﯾﻪ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب و ﺧﺎك ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪي ﺟﺪي ﺑﺮاي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﯽ آﯾﺪ. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، ﻋﻠﻮم ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل روش ﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ اﻧﺴﺎن و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﮐﺸﺎورزي ارﮔﺎﻧﯿﮏ ﯾﮏ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﻈﺎم ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﺪاول ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺟﻬﺖ ﺻﯿﺎﻧﺖ از اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻬﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻋﺎم و ﺑﯿﻦ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺧﺎص ﻣﻄﺮح اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﻮردي ﺑﺮ روي ﺑﺎزار ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﮔﻮﺟﻪ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ ارﮔﺎﻧﯿﮏ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، ﺗﻌﺪادي ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ از ﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎن ﺷﻬﺮ ﺷﯿﺮاز ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﺎل 1395 ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر دﺳﺖ ﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از روش دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اي ﻫﮑﻤﻦ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻃﺒﻘﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﯽ، ﺣﺪود 2442/2 رﯾﺎل ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮ از ﮔﻮﺟﻪ ﻏﯿﺮارﮔﺎﻧﯿﮏ داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ. ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ، ﺳﻦ، ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت، ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ از ﻣﺤﻞ ﺧﺮﯾﺪ و درآﻣﺪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮار ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ارﮔﺎﻧﯿﮏ ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ اﻓﺮاد ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﮐﻪ ﻏﯿﺮ از ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ و ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ از ﻣﺤﻞ ﺧﺮﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ارﮔﺎﻧﯿﮏ دارد، ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ دارﻧﺪ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ اﻓﺮاد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت، ﺑﺎ اﺗﺨﺎذ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﺨﺶ و ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﻬﺮي ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮي ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﯽ اﻓﺮاد در ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺳﻨﯿﻦ، ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺗﺨﺎذ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺮوﯾﺠﯽ و آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ، ذاﺋﻘﻪ اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺎ ﺳﻨﯿﻦ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﺮ را ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ارﮔﺎﻧﯿﮏ ﺳﻮق داد.

Background and Objective: Excessive reliance on external inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides and the indiscriminate exploitation of soil and water resources is considered a serious threat to the quality of the environment. In this regard various sciences are looking farming methods that could be a good alternative to protect human health and the environment. Organic farming is a viable alternative between conventional agricultural systems to safeguard food security in the world in general and in developing countries is specifically mentioned. This study was conducted on the product market organic tomatoes, for this purpose some random questionnaire from the city of Shiraz was collected in 1395. Methods: In this study, Heckman two-stage method is used. Findings: The results show that consumers' willingness to pay around 2442/2 Rial had more than non-organic tomatoes. Variables of gender, age, education, household income and the distance from the place of purchase organic products have had a significant impact on people's willingness to pay. So that other than variables of gender and distance from place of purchase that is negatively correlated with willingness to pay more for organic products, other variables positively correlated with willingness to pay. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is suggested that in order to better access people to these products, by adopting policies, distribution networks should be further expanded in different urban areas. Also, considering the importance of people's health at all ages, it is necessary to adopt promotional and educational policies to lead the tastes of younger people to consume organic products.