پديد آورندگان :
اختري، مليحه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي بجنورد - دانشكده منابع طبيعي - گروه علوم و صنايع چوب و كاغذ , عزيزي، مجيد دانشگاه تهران - دانشكده منابع طبيعي - گروه علوم و صنايع چوب و كاغذ , عارفخاني، مهدي دانشگاه تهران - دانشكده منابع طبيعي - گروه علوم و صنايع چوب و كاغذ
كليدواژه :
هرفيندال- هيرشمن , شاخص هاي نسبت تمركز , جامع تمركز صنعتي و هانا-كي , هال تايدمن , تخته خرده چوب
چكيده فارسي :
اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺑﺎزار ﺟﻬﺖ اﺧﺬ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻤﺎت و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎي دوﻟﺖ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺑﺎزار اﻣﺮي اﺟﺘﻨﺎبﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺎزار واردات ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﺧﺮدهﭼﻮب ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺑﺎزار ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖاﻧﺪرﮐﺎران و دوﻟﺘﻤﺮدان اﯾﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎزار ﺗﺨﺘﻪﺧﺮدهﭼﻮب و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ، ﻫﺮﻓﯿﻨﺪال– ﻫﯿﺮﺷﻤﻦ، ﻫﺎل- ﺗﺎﯾﺪﻣﻦ، ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ و ﻫﺎﻧﺎ-ﮐﺎي، ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺑﺎزار ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزه زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي 1388 ﻟﻐﺎﯾﺖ 1397 ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮐﺸﻮر ﻋﻤﺪه ﺻﺎدر ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ اﯾﺮان ﺑﺮاي دوره ده ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 97/81 درﺻﺪ از ﮐﻞ واردات ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﺧﺮده ﭼﻮب ﺑﻪ ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪه ﯾﮏ ﺑﺎزار ﺑﺎ اﻧﺤﺼﺎر ﭼﻨﺪﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. دﯾﮕﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺮﻓﯿﻨﺪال– ﻫﯿﺮﺷﻤﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار 5561، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎل ﺗﺎﯾﺪﻣﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار 0/54، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 0/79 و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎل ﺗﺎﯾﺪﻣﻦ در ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ α ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/6ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 3/12، در α ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 1/5 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 2/27 و در ﻣﻘﺪار α ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 2/5 ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 2/02 ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﮔﻮﯾﺎي وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺎزار اﻧﺤﺼﺎر ﭼﻨﺪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ واردات ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﺧﺮده ﭼﻮب ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﯾﻦ اﻧﺤﺼﺎر ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻤﺎت ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي دوﻟﺖ ﻫﺎ و ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ و ﺗﺤﻮل در ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ داﺧﻠﯽ ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﺧﺮدهﭼﻮب در دوره دهﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎن داﺷﺘﻪ و ﻣﯿﺰان اﻧﺤﺼﺎر ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ وﻟﯽ در ﮐﻞ، ﺑﺎزار واردات ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﺧﺮدهﭼﻮب از ﺑﺎزارﻫﺎي اﻧﺤﺼﺎري در اﯾﺮان ﺑﻮده و در اﯾﻦ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺎزار، ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺻﺎدرﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮ ﻗﯿﻤﺖ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﺻﺎدرات ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ اﻋﺘﻼف ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ. ﺗﺮﮐﯿﻪ، اﻣﺎرات، ﺗﺎﯾﻠﻨﺪ، اﯾﺘﺎﻟﯿﺎ و روﺳﯿﻪ ﻃﯽ دوره ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﺮﮐﺎي ﺗﺠﺎري اﯾﺮان در ﺑﺎزار واردات ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﺧﺮدهﭼﻮب ﺑﻮدهاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ واردات از اﯾﻦ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﺑﻮده و ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪهي اﻧﺤﺼﺎر ﭼﻨﺪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺑﺎزار ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
The importance of market concentration for government decisions and policies to regulate the market is inevitable. In this study, market indexes were calculated to identify the market status of particleboard imports and to help industry practitioners to identify the particleboard market and identify production potential. In this study, the market structure was measured using concentration ratios, Herfindahl-Hirschman, Hall Tideman, Comprehensive Industrial Concentration, and Hannah-Kay. The market structure was measured for the period 2010-2019. According to the calculations, the average concentration ratio of the four major exporting countries to Iran for the ten-year period studied was 97.81% of the total import of particle board to the country. They indicates a market with a multilateral monopoly. Other indicators include the Herfindahl-Hirschman index at 5,561, the Hall Tideman index at 0.54, the Comprehensive Industrial Concentration Index at 0.79, and the Hall Tideman Index at α value of 0.6 to 3.12, α value was equal to 1.5, to 2.27 and α value was equal to 2.5 to 2.02. The results have shown that the market situation on the import of paticle board was the multilateral monopoly. The status of this monopoly has fluctuated and changed over the past ten years due to the political and economic decisions of governments and the change in domestic production of particleboard. In this market situation, exporting countries can argue over price and export rates. Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Thailand, Italy and Russia has been Iran's most important trading partner in the particleboard import market during the period under review, with the most imports being indexed to these countries, indicating a multilateral monopoly.
