كليدواژه :
فضاي شخصي , قلمرو خواهي , حريم خصوصي , امنيت فردي كرمانشاه
چكيده فارسي :
فضاي شخصي، خانگي، همسايگي، روستا، شهر، استان، ايالت، ناحيه، منطقه، قلمرو، استان، بخش، كشور، قاره، نيمكره وشايد سياره از جمله مفاهيمي هستند كه در جغرافياي سياسي بررسي مي شود. هريك از اين فضاها داراي مفاهيم ومقاصد خاصي و متنوعي براي مردم هستند؛ يعني تعريف هريك از اين مفاهيم منوط به تعريف ديگري است. اما هر فرد يك فضاي شخصي دارد، فضايي در پيرامون بدن خود با مرزهاي نامرئي كه در آن مزاحمان و ميهمانان ناخوانده جايي ندارند. امروزه با پيشرفت فناوري و گسترش وسايل ارتباط‌جمعي، مسئله‌ي فضاي شخصي نياز به بازتعريف و نگاه تازه‌اي دارد. مسلماً آشنايي با اين مفهوم، به فرد كمك مي‌كند تا در ارتباطات خود، اجازه ندهد كسي از حدومرز خصوصي‌اش عبور كند. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف، تحقيقي كاربردي است و از نظر روش، يك تحقيق توصيفي- پيمايشي است. هدف اصلي پژوهش، بررسي قلمروسازي در فضاي شخصي افراد در شهر كرمانشاه است. براين اساس، اين سوال همواره براي جغرافيدانان سياسي وجود دارد كه فضاي شخصي در اين شهر وجود دارد يا خير؟ كيفيت و ترتيب و سلسله مراتب آن چگونه مي باشد؟ براي جمع‌آوري داده‌ها از پرسشنامه و تحليل آن از طريق Spss استفاده‌شده است. متغيرهاي مورد بررسي در پژوهش عبارت‌اند از: فاصله صميمانه يا حريم خصوصي، فاصله اجتماعي، فاصله عمومي، فرهنگ و فضاي ارتباطي. جامعه مورد مطالعه نيز شامل كليه افراد از طبقات و صنف هاي مختلف و تحصيل كرده شهر كرمانشاه مي باشد و نمونه مورد مطالعه شامل 299 نفر از افراد فوق به صورت نمونه گيري تصادفي ساده مي باشد. نتايج حاصل از اين پژوهش نشان مي‌دهد كه هر فردي يك فضاي خاصي در پيرامون خود دارد كه مرزهاي آن نامرئي‌اند؛ به عبارتي فضاي شخصي در شهر كرمانشاه براساس هدفي كه در فوق تعريف شد وجود دارد
چكيده لاتين :
Political geography study important concepts, patterns, currents, events, and processes in various scales throughout the world. This kind of geography involve and debate about the concepts such as personal space, domestics, neighborhoods, proximities, city, village, province, area, region, territory, districts, country, continent, hemisphere, or perhaps planet earth. Also each of these spaces has their own specific purposes and meanings for people and each one defined by another one accordingly. Every person has particular personal space with invisible borders and limits around his body, which those intruders and uninvited guests have no place in it. We have always faced with this type of space and if others have interference on it we will feel fear and worry. Now days, personal space problems by attend to development of technology and media equipment needs to new approach and new definition. Definitely, familiarity with this concept helps people and allow person to cross and exceed from personal limits and confines in his human relationships. In addition, each individual can create reliable and lovely imagine of his audience in his mind, while he consider and adhere to these rituals and habits among his social and individual interactions. The main purpose of this article is to study the territoriality among individual personal space of Kermanshah city. So, this question has been mad that whether or not personal space available in the city. The methodology of this study is based on analytical and descriptive way, and the data collecting has been done by questioner and by used of Spss software. The discussion is basing on personal privacy or friendly distance, social distance, popular distance, culture and relational space. The society which discussed here involves the different and educated classes of Kermanshah province and the sample studied involve 299 people whom selected randomly by odd and even. The results show that the behavior that existed among animals and humans which called territoriality means everyone have specific space that surrounding his body and carry it which is specific for them. Also, personal spaces in different places have different meaning and some limited is necessary and inevitable generally one feels safe by this personal space. However, it is being concluded that personal space are available through the city while purpose of the article are made too.
