ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻧﻔﻮذ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي و آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﻫﻮا در اﯾﺮان

Assess the Impact of Internet's Influence on Energy Consumption and Air Pollution in Iran

ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻣﯿﺰان اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ و ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﻊ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﮑﺎف دﯾﺠﯿﺘﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي درﺣﺎلﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ، ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﺗـﺄﺛﯿﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ را ﺑﺮ روي ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي و آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﻫﻮا در ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي درﺣﺎلﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺟﻠﻮه ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، ﻫﺪف اﺻـﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻧﻔﻮذ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﺮ روي ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي و اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮔﺎز CO2 در اﯾﺮان ﺑـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از دادهﻫـﺎي ﺳـﺮي زﻣـﺎﻧﯽ 1995-2016 اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻫﻢاﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪاي ﯾﻮﻫﺎﻧﺴﻦ )1992(، ﺣـﺎﮐﯽ از ﺗـﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒـﺖ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي ﺳﺮاﻧﻪ در ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪت اﺳﺖ. ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ اﻓـﺰاﯾﺶ در ﺗﻌـﺪاد ﮐـﺎرﺑﺮان اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧـﺖ )در ﻫـﺮ 100 ﻧﻔـﺮ(، در ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪت، 0/19 درﺻﺪ ﺳﺮاﻧﻪ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي را در اﯾـﺮان اﻓـﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽدﻫـﺪ. ﺑـﺮ اﯾـﻦ اﺳـﺎس، ﺣﺮﮐـﺖ ﺑﻪﺳـﻤﺖ ﺳﯿﺎﺳـﺖﻫﺎ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ از اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي در ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿـﺮي ﺷـﻮد، ﺿـﺮوري اﺳـﺖ. ﻫﻢﭼﻨـﯿﻦ، اﺛـﺮ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣـﺪت اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﺮ آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﻫﻮا، ﻣﺜﺒﺖ اﻣﺎ اﻧﺪك ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ در ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ )در ﻫﺮ 100 ﻧﻔﺮ(، در ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪت، ﻣﯿﺰان اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮔﺎز CO2 را در ﮐﺸﻮر ﺣﺪود 0/06 درﺻﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داد. ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﮐـﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ، ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪي ﺟﺪي ﺑﺮاي آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﻫﻮا در اﯾﺮان ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻧﻤﯽﺷﻮد.

Expand the usage of Internet and consequently reducing the digital divide between developing and developed countries, shows the study of effect this variable on the energy consumption and air pollution in developing countries is important. In this regard, the main objective of this paper is to examine the impact of the Internet's influence on energy consumption and CO2 emission in Iran Using time series data 1995-2016. The results using co-integration five-step Johansson (1992) method showed a positive impact of Internet on the per capita energy consumption in the long term. A one percent increase in the number of Internet users (per 100 people), in the long run, increase the per capita energy consumption in Iran by 0.19 percent. Accordingly, the move to the policies and programs that take advantage of the Internet to reduce energy consumption in the country is essential. Also, the long-term impact of the Internet on air pollution is positive, but it is negligible. So that a one percent increase in the number of Internet users (per 100 people), in the long run, increase the level of CO2 emissions in the country by about 0.06 percent. Accordingly, it can be said that the increase in Internet usage is not a serious threat to air pollution in Iran.