تاثير جيره غذايي حاوي پروبيوتيك اختصاصي (Lactococcus lactis، Pediococcus pentosaceus، Weissella cibaria و Enterococcus faecalis) بر برخي از شاخص هاي رشد، ايمني، آنزيم كبدي و فلور باكتريايي روده در پرورش بچه تاسماهي ايراني

Effects of dietary specific probiotics on some growth and immunity indices, hepatic enzymes and intestinal bacterial flora of reared Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus fingerlings

اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﭽﻪ ﺗﺎﺳﻤﺎﻫﯽ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي ذﺧﺎﯾﺮ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺮورش آﻧﻬﺎ در ﮐﺸﻮر اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، 600 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺑﭽﻪ ﺗﺎﺳﻤﺎﻫﯽ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ )Acipenser persicus( در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﯿﻤﺎر )ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار( ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ )0/74 ± 10/76 ﮔﺮم و 0/70 ± 14/49 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ( ﺑﻪ 12 ﻣﺨﺰن ﻓﺎﯾﺒﺮﮔﻼس ﺑﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ 300 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﭽﻪﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 60 روز ﭘﺮورش ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻏﺬاي ﺑﭽﻪﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺑﺎ 300 ،150 و 450 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم از ﭘﻮدر ﺣﺎوي 4 ﺳﻮﯾﻪ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي Pediococcus ،Lactococcus lactis Weissella cibaria ،pentosaceus و Enterococcus faecalis ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺨﺺ 109 × 1/5 )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 2(، 109 × 3 )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 3( و 109 × 4/5 ﭘﺮﮔﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي در ﮔﺮم )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 4( ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻏﺬا ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺟﯿﺮه ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 1( ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺪون ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري در ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ )0/05>p(. ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد اﯾﻦ، ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ و ﮐﻤﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ وزن ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺟﻮان ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي 2 و 1 ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾـﺞ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي آﻧﺰﯾﻤﯽ ﮐﺒﺪ و LDH، اﯾﻤﻮﻧﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻮﻟﯿﻦ M، ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻟﯿﺰوزﯾﻢ و ﻓﻠﻮر ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮﯾﺎﯾﯽ روده ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮐﻤﯿﻨﻪ و ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار اﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي 2 و 1 ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪﻧﺪ )0/05

This study was carried out to increase production efficiency of Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus fingerlings. In this experiment, 600 pieces of Persian sturgeon fingerlings (10.76 ± 0.74 g in weight and 14.49 ± 0.7 cm in total length) in four treatments were introduced into twelve fiberglass tanks with 300-L water capacity for 60 days. The treatments were fed with diets containing 0, 150, 300 and 450 mg of four bacterial strains including Lactococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Weissella cibaria and Enterococcus faecalis powder per kg pelleted diets to make certain concentrations including 0 (T1), 1.5 × 109 (T2), 3 × 109 (T3) and 4.5 × 109 CFU/g (T4). The results showed that there was no significant difference in growth indices in different treatments (p>0.05). However, the maximum and minimum mean final weights were observed in T2 and T1, respectively. The minimum and maximum values of liver enzymatic indices, LDH, IgM, lysozyme activity and the number of colonial intestine bacterial flora were observed in T2 and T1, respectively, significantly different from the other treatments (p<0.05). The maximum and minimum number of intestinal lactic acid (probiotic) bacteria were also found in T2 and T4, respectively, significantly different from the others (p<0.05). In spite of the fact that a probiotic-supplemented diet could not exhibit a significant effect on growth indices of the Persian sturgeon fingerlings at the weight range of 10-60 g, however, those containing 1.5 × 109 CFU/g (T2), significantly enhanced the immunity, enzymatic and bacterial flora of the intestine